MitoAge

Order

Psittaciformes

46 species in 3 families. Maximum lifespan ranges from 11.6 years (Green-rumped parrotlet) to 65.8 years (Salmon-crested cockatoo).

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Species
46
with a complete mtDNA
Lifespan range
11.6–65.8 yr
Longest: Salmon-crested cockatoo
Median GC
46.2%
Range 43.2–48.9%
Families
3
Largest: Psittacidae (38)

The Psittaciformes tree

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Outer ring: Maximum lifespan, log scale

Each ring is one rank. Scroll or use + and − to zoom, drag to move; select a group to zoom into it, a species to open it.

Families of Psittaciformes

3 families, by species count

Where Psittaciformes sit among 2,335 species

Whole-genome GC content against maximum lifespan. Hover or tap a point; select it again to open the species.

10203040501 yr10 yr100 yrMaximum lifespan, log scaleGC %
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  • Psittaciformes (46)
  • Other species

Longest-lived

Top 5 and the shortest-lived
  1. Salmon-crested cockatooCacatua moluccensis65.8 yr
  2. KakapoStrigops habroptila60 yr
  3. Sulphur-crested cockatooCacatua galerita57 yr
  4. Yellow-crowned parrotAmazona ochrocephala56 yr
  5. Vasa parrotCoracopsis vasa53.9 yr
  6. Green-rumped parrotletForpus passerinus11.6 yr

What tracks lifespan in Psittaciformes

Top 10 of 202 mtDNA features by |ρ| · 35 with q < 0.05
FeaturenrρqPIC rPartial r
GC skew of rRNA genesStrand skew44+0.60+0.640.004+0.50+0.42
GC skew of 16S rRNAStrand skew44+0.52+0.620.008+0.44+0.37
GC skew of whole mtDNAStrand skew44+0.52+0.610.008+0.18+0.28
GC skew of 12S rRNAStrand skew44+0.55+0.600.008+0.37+0.37
CAC codon frequency in all protein-coding genes (% of codons)Codon44−0.54−0.550.008−0.34−0.23
AT skew of 12S rRNAStrand skew44−0.54−0.550.008−0.36−0.29
GC skew of CYTBStrand skew44+0.51+0.550.009+0.34+0.39
GC skew of ND5Strand skew44+0.48+0.530.016+0.19+0.19
AT skew of whole mtDNAStrand skew44−0.47−0.510.016−0.14−0.27
AT skew of tRNA genesStrand skew44−0.45−0.510.022−0.22−0.30

Lifespan is log10-transformed. r is the Pearson and ρ the Spearman rank correlation across species. q corrects the p-value for testing 202 features at once (Benjamini–Hochberg); green marks q < 0.05.

PIC r uses phylogenetically independent contrasts, so related species do not count as independent evidence. Partial r holds log10 body mass constant, because big animals live longer. Bold values have p < 0.05. Select a feature to plot it against lifespan.

Species in Psittaciformes

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20 species

Cacatua moluccensisSalmon-crested cockatooPsittacidae65.8 yr16,828 bp47.01%
Strigops habroptilaKakapoPsittacidae60 yr15,599 bp43.24%
Cacatua galeritaSulphur-crested cockatooCacatuidae57 yr18,900 bp46.98%
Amazona ochrocephalaYellow-crowned parrotPsittacidae56 yr18,909 bp46.07%
Coracopsis vasaVasa parrotPsittacidae53.9 yr16,902 bp45.16%
Ara chloropterusRed-and-green macawPsittacidae50.1 yr16,991 bp46.73%
Psittacus erithacusGrey parrotPsittacidae49.7 yr17,962 bp48.01%
Amazona aestivaBlue-fronted amazonPsittacidae49 yr18,853 bp45.97%
Amazona auropalliataYellow-naped parrotPsittacidae49 yr18,679 bp46.07%
Nestor notabilisKeaPsittacidae47 yr16,818 bp44.36%
Zanda baudiniiLong-billed black cockatooPsittacidae47 yr16,841 bp44.57%
Ara militarisMilitary macawPsittacidae46 yr16,990 bp46.75%
Ara araraunaBlue-and-yellow macawPsittacidae43 yr16,982 bp46.46%
Eolophus roseicapillaGalahCacatuidae40 yr18,982 bp45.11%
Poicephalus senegalusSenegal parrotPsittacidae40 yr18,022 bp47.90%
Anodorhynchus hyacinthinusHyacinth macawPsittacidae38.8 yr16,999 bp46.41%
Nymphicus hollandicusCockatielPsittacidae35 yr16,781 bp46.02%
Zanda latirostrisShort-billed black cockatooCacatuidae34.4 yr16,841 bp44.59%
Ara macaoScarlet macawPsittacidae33 yr16,970 bp46.96%
Rhynchopsitta pachyrhynchaThick-billed parrotPsittacidae33 yr17,026 bp45.14%

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