Alburnus alburnus
Bleak
GC content
45.72%
Whole genome
Non-coding
994 bp
D-loop 931 bp
Where Bleak sits among 2,335 species
Whole-genome GC content against maximum lifespan. Bleak has the 1,830th longest lifespan of them.
- This species
- Other ray-finned fishes
- Other classes
Base composition
Whole genome16,605 bp
- GC skew (G − C) / (G + C)
- −0.189
- AT skew (A − T) / (A + T)
- +0.032
About this record
- Lifespan source
- FishBase v26.06
- Based on
- an observed animal, origin not stated
- Data quality
- acceptable
- Licence
- CC BY-NC 4.0
- Status
- New in build 2
- In the database since
- build 2 (2026-11-13)
The lifespan value is for non-commercial use only; the genome data is not restricted by it.
Every change against the 2015 build is in the changelog download.
Composition by region
Reference (L) strand as deposited in RefSeqWhole genome16,605 bp
Protein-coding11,408 bp
12S rRNA957 bp
16S rRNA1,690 bp
All tRNA1,561 bp
D-loop931 bp
Genes and regions
Select a column to sort; select a gene to compare it across species| Composition | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ND1NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 | 975 bp | 49.95% | −0.248 | −0.098 | |||||
| ND2NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 | 1,047 bp | 49.76% | −0.274 | +0.004 | |||||
| COX1Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I | 1,551 bp | 45.20% | −0.141 | −0.087 | |||||
| COX2Cytochrome c oxidase subunit II | 691 bp | 43.56% | −0.203 | +0.015 | |||||
| ATP8ATP synthase F0 subunit 8 | 165 bp | 38.79% | −0.438 | +0.228 | |||||
| ATP6ATP synthase F0 subunit 6 | 684 bp | 44.74% | −0.248 | −0.058 | |||||
| COX3Cytochrome c oxidase subunit III | 784 bp | 46.56% | −0.227 | −0.041 | |||||
| ND3NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3 | 351 bp | 45.30% | −0.195 | −0.094 | |||||
| ND4LNADH dehydrogenase subunit 4L | 297 bp | 46.80% | −0.295 | −0.051 | |||||
| ND4NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 | 1,383 bp | 45.12% | −0.244 | −0.025 | |||||
| ND5NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 | 1,836 bp | 44.83% | −0.283 | +0.003 | |||||
| ND6NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6 | 522 bp | 51.92% | −0.336 | +0.458 | |||||
| CYTBCytochrome b | 1,141 bp | 45.22% | −0.244 | −0.050 | |||||
| 12S rRNA12S ribosomal RNA | 957 bp | 49.63% | −0.053 | +0.207 | |||||
| 16S rRNA16S ribosomal RNA | 1,690 bp | 45.44% | −0.005 | +0.234 | |||||
| D-loopControl region (D-loop) | 931 bp | 37.38% | −0.167 | −0.009 |
Codon usage
Counts per codon, darker is more frequent3,808 codons in all protein-coding genes. Grouped with the Vertebrate mitochondrial code (NCBI table 2).
Phe F5.9%
UUU87
UUC139
Leu L16.4%
UUA88
UUG41
CUU128
CUC113
CUA183
CUG72
Ile I7.0%
AUU180
AUC88
Met M4.6%
AUA91
AUG84
Val V6.7%
GUU66
GUC52
GUA96
GUG42
Ser S6.4%
UCU46
UCC59
UCA72
UCG8
AGU13
AGC45
Pro P5.6%
CCU40
CCC69
CCA87
CCG17
Thr T7.7%
ACU52
ACC103
ACA101
ACG38
Ala A9.1%
GCU51
GCC149
GCA119
GCG29
Tyr Y2.9%
UAU53
UAC59
His H2.7%
CAU35
CAC68
Gln Q2.6%
CAA75
CAG24
Asn N2.9%
AAU38
AAC74
Lys K2.0%
AAA58
AAG18
Asp D2.0%
GAU25
GAC52
Glu E2.7%
GAA60
GAG42
Cys C0.7%
UGU9
UGC17
Trp W3.1%
UGA89
UGG30
Arg R2.0%
CGU10
CGC14
CGA35
CGG18
Gly G6.5%
GGU41
GGC61
GGA84
GGG61
Stop 0.3%
UAA4
UAG6
AGA0
AGG0
Genome map
38 annotated features in NC_008659.1Hover, tap or tab to a feature to see its position, length, strand and GC content. Genes and rRNAs open their own pages.
- Protein-coding13
- rRNA2
- tRNA22
- D-loop1
- Outer ring: + strand, arrows run clockwise. Inner ring: − strand.
- Middle ring: GC% of each gene against the whole genome (45.7%, dashed): out is GC-richer, in is AT-richer (full height = 6 points).
All 38 features as a table
| Feature | Type | Start | End | Length | Strand | GC |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| tRNA-Phe | Transfer RNA | 1 | 69 | 69 bp | + | – |
| 12S rRNA | Ribosomal RNA | 70 | 1,026 | 957 bp | + | 49.6% |
| tRNA-Val | Transfer RNA | 1,027 | 1,098 | 72 bp | + | – |
| 16S rRNA | Ribosomal RNA | 1,099 | 2,788 | 1,690 bp | + | 45.4% |
| tRNA-Leu (UUR) | Transfer RNA | 2,789 | 2,864 | 76 bp | + | – |
| ND1 | Protein-coding gene | 2,866 | 3,840 | 975 bp | + | 50.0% |
| tRNA-Ile | Transfer RNA | 3,845 | 3,916 | 72 bp | + | – |
| tRNA-Gln | Transfer RNA | 3,915 | 3,985 | 71 bp | − | – |
| tRNA-Met | Transfer RNA | 3,987 | 4,055 | 69 bp | + | – |
| ND2 | Protein-coding gene | 4,056 | 5,102 | 1,047 bp | + | 49.8% |
| tRNA-Trp | Transfer RNA | 5,101 | 5,171 | 71 bp | + | – |
| tRNA-Ala | Transfer RNA | 5,173 | 5,241 | 69 bp | − | – |
| tRNA-Asn | Transfer RNA | 5,243 | 5,315 | 73 bp | − | – |
| tRNA-Cys | Transfer RNA | 5,348 | 5,414 | 67 bp | − | – |
| tRNA-Tyr | Transfer RNA | 5,416 | 5,486 | 71 bp | − | – |
| COX1 | Protein-coding gene | 5,488 | 7,038 | 1,551 bp | + | 45.2% |
| tRNA-Ser (UCN) | Transfer RNA | 7,039 | 7,109 | 71 bp | − | – |
| tRNA-Asp | Transfer RNA | 7,112 | 7,185 | 74 bp | + | – |
| COX2 | Protein-coding gene | 7,199 | 7,889 | 691 bp | + | 43.6% |
| tRNA-Lys | Transfer RNA | 7,890 | 7,965 | 76 bp | + | – |
| ATP8 | Protein-coding gene | 7,967 | 8,131 | 165 bp | + | 38.8% |
| ATP6 | Protein-coding gene | 8,125 | 8,808 | 684 bp | + | 44.7% |
| COX3 | Protein-coding gene | 8,808 | 9,591 | 784 bp | + | 46.6% |
| tRNA-Gly | Transfer RNA | 9,592 | 9,663 | 72 bp | + | – |
| ND3 | Protein-coding gene | 9,664 | 10,014 | 351 bp | + | 45.3% |
| tRNA-Arg | Transfer RNA | 10,013 | 10,081 | 69 bp | + | – |
| ND4L | Protein-coding gene | 10,082 | 10,378 | 297 bp | + | 46.8% |
| ND4 | Protein-coding gene | 10,372 | 11,754 | 1,383 bp | + | 45.1% |
| tRNA-His | Transfer RNA | 11,754 | 11,822 | 69 bp | + | – |
| tRNA-Ser (AGY) | Transfer RNA | 11,823 | 11,891 | 69 bp | + | – |
| tRNA-Leu (CUN) | Transfer RNA | 11,893 | 11,965 | 73 bp | + | – |
| ND5 | Protein-coding gene | 11,966 | 13,801 | 1,836 bp | + | 44.8% |
| ND6 | Protein-coding gene | 13,798 | 14,319 | 522 bp | − | 51.9% |
| tRNA-Glu | Transfer RNA | 14,320 | 14,388 | 69 bp | − | – |
| CYTB | Protein-coding gene | 14,393 | 15,533 | 1,141 bp | + | 45.2% |
| tRNA-Thr | Transfer RNA | 15,534 | 15,605 | 72 bp | + | – |
| tRNA-Pro | Transfer RNA | 15,605 | 15,674 | 70 bp | − | – |
| D-loop | Control region | 15,675 | 16,605 | 931 bp | – | 37.4% |