MitoAge

Aquila nipalensis

Steppe eagle

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Maximum lifespan
41 yr
AnAge record
mtDNA size
18,450 bp
RefSeq NC_045042.1
GC content
45.91%
Whole genome
Non-coding
3,025 bp
D-loop 1,733 bp

Where Steppe eagle sits among 2,335 species

Whole-genome GC content against maximum lifespan. Steppe eagle has the 246th longest lifespan of them.

10203040501 yr10 yr100 yrMaximum lifespan, log scaleGC %Steppe eagle
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Plot other mtDNA features with this species highlighted

Base composition

Whole genome18,450 bp
GC skew (G − C) / (G + C)
−0.393
AT skew (A − T) / (A + T)
+0.120

Life history

Maximum lifespan
41 years
Adult weight
2.7 kg
Female sexual maturity
4 years

Lifespan from AnAge · AnAge record · other traits from AnAge build 15 (HAGRID 00227)

About this record

Lifespan source
AnAge build 15
Based on
an animal in captivity
Data quality
acceptable, small sample
Licence
Free to use, subject to the Human Ageing Genomic Resources conditions of use
Status
New in build 2
In the database since
build 2 (2026-11-13)

Every change against the 2015 build is in the changelog download.

Composition by region

Reference (L) strand as deposited in RefSeq
Whole genome18,450 bp
Protein-coding11,373 bp
12S rRNA969 bp
16S rRNA1,546 bp
All tRNA1,550 bp
D-loop1,733 bp

Genes and regions

Select a column to sort; select a gene to compare it across species
Composition
ND1NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1973 bp26.3%26.1%13.4%34.2%47.59%−0.438+0.004
ND2NADH dehydrogenase subunit 21,041 bp30.9%22.4%10.3%36.4%46.69%−0.560+0.160
COX1Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I1,551 bp27.5%24.8%15.7%32.0%47.71%−0.343+0.051
COX2Cytochrome c oxidase subunit II684 bp31.3%21.5%14.6%32.6%47.22%−0.381+0.186
ATP8ATP synthase F0 subunit 8168 bp33.9%24.4%4.2%37.5%41.67%−0.800+0.163
ATP6ATP synthase F0 subunit 6684 bp30.0%23.8%9.8%36.4%46.20%−0.576+0.114
COX3Cytochrome c oxidase subunit III784 bp26.0%25.4%15.2%33.4%48.60%−0.375+0.012
ND3NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3351 bp26.8%25.6%13.4%34.2%47.58%−0.437+0.022
ND4LNADH dehydrogenase subunit 4L297 bp26.3%25.9%13.1%34.7%47.81%−0.451+0.006
ND4NADH dehydrogenase subunit 41,378 bp30.0%22.9%10.1%37.1%47.17%−0.572+0.135
ND5NADH dehydrogenase subunit 51,818 bp30.9%22.9%10.7%35.5%46.21%−0.536+0.147
ND6NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6519 bp37.8%11.0%10.2%41.0%51.25%−0.602+0.549
CYTBCytochrome b1,143 bp27.7%24.3%12.1%35.9%47.94%−0.496+0.066
12S rRNA12S ribosomal RNA969 bp30.1%19.4%20.8%29.6%50.46%−0.174+0.217
16S rRNA16S ribosomal RNA1,546 bp32.7%21.9%18.7%26.7%45.41%−0.177+0.199
D-loopControl region (D-loop)1,733 bp37.3%25.3%12.8%24.7%37.45%−0.319+0.192

Codon usage

Counts per codon, darker is more frequent

3,796 codons in all protein-coding genes. Grouped with the Vertebrate mitochondrial code (NCBI table 2).

Phe F5.5%
UUU49
UUC158
Leu L18.4%
UUA54
UUG19
CUU65
CUC199
CUA325
CUG36
Ile I7.6%
AUU78
AUC210
Met M4.2%
AUA132
AUG27
Val V4.4%
GUU33
GUC52
GUA63
GUG19
Ser S7.3%
UCU29
UCC108
UCA84
UCG4
AGU7
AGC46
Pro P5.9%
CCU34
CCC88
CCA98
CCG5
Thr T9.6%
ACU58
ACC151
ACA149
ACG5
Ala A8.0%
GCU37
GCC154
GCA97
GCG14
Tyr Y2.8%
UAU30
UAC76
His H3.1%
CAU26
CAC93
Gln Q2.4%
CAA83
CAG10
Asn N3.2%
AAU17
AAC105
Lys K2.2%
AAA75
AAG7
Asp D1.7%
GAU19
GAC44
Glu E2.4%
GAA77
GAG16
Cys C0.8%
UGU7
UGC22
Trp W2.8%
UGA91
UGG16
Arg R1.8%
CGU4
CGC23
CGA36
CGG5
Gly G5.7%
GGU24
GGC74
GGA79
GGG40
Stop 0.3%
UAA6
UAG3
AGA0
AGG1

Genome map

38 annotated features in NC_045042.1

Hover, tap or tab to a feature to see its position, length, strand and GC content. Genes and rRNAs open their own pages.

  • Protein-coding13
  • rRNA2
  • tRNA22
  • D-loop1
  • Outer ring: + strand, arrows run clockwise. Inner ring: − strand.
  • Middle ring: GC% of each gene against the whole genome (45.9%, dashed): out is GC-richer, in is AT-richer (full height = 6 points).
All 38 features as a table
FeatureTypeStartEndLengthStrandGC
CYTBProtein-coding gene61,1481,143 bp+47.9%
tRNA-ThrTransfer RNA1,1541,22370 bp+–
tRNA-ProTransfer RNA2,3822,45170 bp−–
ND6Protein-coding gene2,4642,982519 bp−51.3%
tRNA-GluTransfer RNA2,9873,05771 bp−–
D-loopControl region3,0584,7901,733 bp–37.5%
tRNA-PheTransfer RNA4,7914,85464 bp+–
12S rRNARibosomal RNA4,8615,829969 bp+50.5%
tRNA-ValTransfer RNA5,8325,90372 bp+–
16S rRNARibosomal RNA5,9487,4931,546 bp+45.4%
tRNA-Leu (UUR)Transfer RNA7,5037,57674 bp+–
ND1Protein-coding gene7,5858,557973 bp+47.6%
tRNA-IleTransfer RNA8,5588,63376 bp+–
tRNA-GlnTransfer RNA8,6478,71771 bp−–
tRNA-MetTransfer RNA8,7178,78569 bp+–
ND2Protein-coding gene8,7859,8251,041 bp+46.7%
tRNA-TrpTransfer RNA9,8249,89673 bp+–
tRNA-AlaTransfer RNA9,8989,96669 bp−–
tRNA-AsnTransfer RNA9,96910,04173 bp−–
tRNA-CysTransfer RNA10,04410,11067 bp−–
tRNA-TyrTransfer RNA10,11010,18071 bp−–
COX1Protein-coding gene10,18111,7311,551 bp+47.7%
tRNA-Ser (UCN)Transfer RNA11,72411,79774 bp−–
tRNA-AspTransfer RNA11,80311,87169 bp+–
COX2Protein-coding gene11,87312,556684 bp+47.2%
tRNA-LysTransfer RNA12,55712,62973 bp+–
ATP8Protein-coding gene12,63012,797168 bp+41.7%
ATP6Protein-coding gene12,78813,471684 bp+46.2%
COX3Protein-coding gene13,47114,254784 bp+48.6%
tRNA-GlyTransfer RNA14,25414,32471 bp+–
ND3Protein-coding gene14,32414,674351 bp+47.6%
tRNA-ArgTransfer RNA14,68314,75169 bp+–
ND4LProtein-coding gene14,75215,048297 bp+47.8%
ND4Protein-coding gene15,04216,4191,378 bp+47.2%
tRNA-HisTransfer RNA16,42016,48970 bp−–
tRNA-Ser (AGY)Transfer RNA16,49116,55666 bp+–
tRNA-Leu (CUN)Transfer RNA16,55616,62671 bp+–
ND5Protein-coding gene16,62718,4441,818 bp+46.2%

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