Epinephelus multinotatus

White-blotched grouper

Maximum lifespan

27 yr

FishBase record

mtDNA size

17,057 bp

RefSeq NC_068846.1

GC content

45.66%

Whole genome

Non-coding

1,139 bp

D-loop 766 bp

Where White-blotched grouper sits among 2,335 species

Whole-genome GC content against maximum lifespan. White-blotched grouper has the 565th longest lifespan of them.

This species
Other ray-finned fishes
Other classes

Plot other mtDNA features with this species highlighted

Base composition

Whole genome17,057 bp

GC skew (G − C) / (G + C): −0.262
AT skew (A − T) / (A + T): +0.036

Life history

Maximum lifespan: 27 years

Lifespan from FishBase · FishBase record

About this record

Lifespan source: FishBase v26.06
Based on: an observed animal, origin not stated
Data quality: acceptable
Licence: CC BY-NC 4.0
Status: New in build 2
In the database since: build 2 (2026-11-13)

The lifespan value is for non-commercial use only; the genome data is not restricted by it.

Every change against the 2015 build is in the changelog download.

Composition by region

Reference (L) strand as deposited in RefSeq

Whole genome17,057 bp

Protein-coding11,407 bp

12S rRNA953 bp

16S rRNA1,703 bp

All tRNA1,855 bp

D-loop766 bp

Genes and regions

Select a column to sort; select a gene to compare it across species

Base composition of Epinephelus multinotatus genes

ND1NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1	975 bp	25.5%	27.0%	14.4%	33.1%	47.49%	−0.395	−0.027
ND2NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2	1,046 bp	28.1%	23.9%	12.4%	35.6%	47.99%	−0.482	+0.081
COX1Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I	1,551 bp	24.2%	30.2%	19.2%	26.3%	45.52%	−0.156	−0.110
COX2Cytochrome c oxidase subunit II	691 bp	28.2%	27.4%	16.4%	28.1%	44.43%	−0.264	+0.016
ATP8ATP synthase F0 subunit 8	168 bp	29.2%	25.0%	11.9%	33.9%	45.83%	−0.481	+0.077
ATP6ATP synthase F0 subunit 6	684 bp	27.5%	29.7%	13.2%	29.7%	42.84%	−0.386	−0.038
COX3Cytochrome c oxidase subunit III	785 bp	25.0%	28.5%	16.7%	29.8%	46.50%	−0.282	−0.067
ND3NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3	349 bp	19.5%	30.9%	17.5%	32.1%	49.57%	−0.295	−0.227
ND4LNADH dehydrogenase subunit 4L	297 bp	22.6%	30.6%	15.2%	31.6%	46.80%	−0.353	−0.152
ND4NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4	1,381 bp	26.7%	27.0%	14.7%	31.6%	46.27%	−0.365	−0.005
ND5NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5	1,839 bp	26.8%	28.0%	14.4%	30.8%	45.19%	−0.362	−0.022
ND6NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6	522 bp	38.1%	13.8%	15.3%	32.8%	48.08%	−0.363	+0.469
CYTBCytochrome b	1,141 bp	24.6%	28.7%	15.3%	31.3%	46.63%	−0.342	−0.077
12S rRNA12S ribosomal RNA	953 bp	29.6%	21.7%	22.0%	26.7%	48.69%	−0.095	+0.153
16S rRNA16S ribosomal RNA	1,703 bp	33.0%	20.9%	20.8%	25.2%	46.10%	−0.096	+0.224
D-loopControl region (D-loop)	766 bp	33.2%	33.3%	15.5%	18.0%	33.55%	−0.074	−0.002

Codon usage

Counts per codon, darker is more frequent

Gene

3,807 codons in all protein-coding genes. Grouped with the Vertebrate mitochondrial code (NCBI table 2).

Phe F6.4%

UUU104

UUC141

Leu L17.4%

UUA96

UUG26

CUU143

CUC151

CUA191

CUG57

Ile I6.8%

AUU164

AUC96

Met M3.9%

AUA95

AUG53

Val V5.8%

GUU59

GUC61

GUA71

GUG29

Ser S6.4%

UCU51

UCC70

UCA57

UCG10

AGU14

AGC42

Pro P5.9%

CCU45

CCC110

CCA58

CCG11

Thr T7.9%

ACU42

ACC121

ACA121

ACG18

Ala A9.0%

GCU60

GCC159

GCA111

GCG14

Tyr Y2.9%

UAU51

UAC60

His H2.8%

CAU32

CAC74

Gln Q2.4%

CAA83

CAG10

Asn N3.2%

AAU38

AAC82

Lys K2.0%

AAA69

AAG9

Asp D2.0%

GAU28

GAC50

Glu E2.6%

GAA77

GAG21

Cys C0.8%

UGU13

UGC17

Trp W3.1%

UGA96

UGG22

Arg R2.1%

CGU8

CGC21

CGA41

CGG10

Gly G6.2%

GGU38

GGC78

GGA68

GGG53

Stop 0.2%

UAA6

UAG1

AGA0

AGG0

Genome map

42 annotated features in NC_068846.1

Hover, tap or tab to a feature to see its position, length, strand and GC content. Genes and rRNAs open their own pages.

Protein-coding13
rRNA2
tRNA26
D-loop1

Outer ring: + strand, arrows run clockwise. Inner ring: − strand.
Middle ring: GC% of each gene against the whole genome (45.7%, dashed): out is GC-richer, in is AT-richer (full height = 6 points).

All 42 features as a table

Annotated features of Epinephelus multinotatus (NC_068846.1)
Feature	Type	Start	End	Length	Strand	GC
tRNA-Phe	Transfer RNA	1	70	70 bp	+	–
12S rRNA	Ribosomal RNA	71	1,023	953 bp	+	48.7%
tRNA-Val	Transfer RNA	1,024	1,093	70 bp	+	–
16S rRNA	Ribosomal RNA	1,094	2,796	1,703 bp	+	46.1%
tRNA-Leu (UUR)	Transfer RNA	2,798	2,873	76 bp	+	–
ND1	Protein-coding gene	2,874	3,848	975 bp	+	47.5%
tRNA-Ile	Transfer RNA	3,853	3,922	70 bp	+	–
tRNA-Gln	Transfer RNA	3,922	3,992	71 bp	−	–
tRNA-Met	Transfer RNA	3,993	4,061	69 bp	+	–
ND2	Protein-coding gene	4,062	5,107	1,046 bp	+	48.0%
tRNA-Trp	Transfer RNA	5,108	5,178	71 bp	+	–
tRNA-Ala	Transfer RNA	5,180	5,248	69 bp	−	–
tRNA-Asn	Transfer RNA	5,250	5,322	73 bp	−	–
tRNA-Cys	Transfer RNA	5,367	5,434	68 bp	−	–
tRNA-Tyr	Transfer RNA	5,435	5,505	71 bp	−	–
COX1	Protein-coding gene	5,507	7,057	1,551 bp	+	45.5%
tRNA-Ser (UCN)	Transfer RNA	7,059	7,129	71 bp	−	–
tRNA-Asp	Transfer RNA	7,133	7,206	74 bp	+	–
tRNA-Asp	Transfer RNA	7,268	7,340	73 bp	+	–
tRNA-Asp	Transfer RNA	7,402	7,475	74 bp	+	–
tRNA-Asp	Transfer RNA	7,537	7,610	74 bp	+	–
tRNA-Asp	Transfer RNA	7,672	7,745	74 bp	+	–
COX2	Protein-coding gene	7,755	8,445	691 bp	+	44.4%
tRNA-Lys	Transfer RNA	8,446	8,519	74 bp	+	–
ATP8	Protein-coding gene	8,521	8,688	168 bp	+	45.8%
ATP6	Protein-coding gene	8,679	9,362	684 bp	+	42.8%
COX3	Protein-coding gene	9,362	10,146	785 bp	+	46.5%
tRNA-Gly	Transfer RNA	10,147	10,218	72 bp	+	–
ND3	Protein-coding gene	10,219	10,567	349 bp	+	49.6%
tRNA-Arg	Transfer RNA	10,568	10,636	69 bp	+	–
ND4L	Protein-coding gene	10,637	10,933	297 bp	+	46.8%
ND4	Protein-coding gene	10,927	12,307	1,381 bp	+	46.3%
tRNA-His	Transfer RNA	12,308	12,377	70 bp	+	–
tRNA-Ser (AGY)	Transfer RNA	12,378	12,447	70 bp	+	–
tRNA-Leu (CUN)	Transfer RNA	12,456	12,527	72 bp	+	–
ND5	Protein-coding gene	12,528	14,366	1,839 bp	+	45.2%
ND6	Protein-coding gene	14,363	14,884	522 bp	−	48.1%
tRNA-Glu	Transfer RNA	14,885	14,953	69 bp	−	–
CYTB	Protein-coding gene	14,961	16,101	1,141 bp	+	46.6%
tRNA-Thr	Transfer RNA	16,102	16,174	73 bp	+	–
tRNA-Pro	Transfer RNA	16,174	16,243	70 bp	−	–
D-loop	Control region	16,292	17,057	766 bp	–	33.6%