Gelochelidon nilotica

Gull-billed tern

Maximum lifespan

16 yr

AnAge record

mtDNA size

16,748 bp

RefSeq NC_036344.1

GC content

43.96%

Whole genome

Non-coding

1,274 bp

D-loop 1,198 bp

Where Gull-billed tern sits among 2,335 species

Whole-genome GC content against maximum lifespan. Gull-billed tern has the 1,165th longest lifespan of them.

This species
Other birds
Other classes

Plot other mtDNA features with this species highlighted

Base composition

Whole genome16,748 bp

GC skew (G − C) / (G + C): −0.366
AT skew (A − T) / (A + T): +0.103

Life history

Maximum lifespan: 16 years
Adult weight: 221 g
Birth weight: 21.4 g
Female sexual maturity: 5 years
Male sexual maturity: 5 years
Gestation or incubation: 22 days
Litter or clutch size: 3
Litters per year: 1

Lifespan from AnAge · AnAge record · other traits from AnAge build 15 (HAGRID 00458)

About this record

Lifespan source: AnAge build 15
Based on: an animal in the wild
Data quality: acceptable, small sample
Licence: Free to use, subject to the Human Ageing Genomic Resources conditions of use
Status: New in build 2
In the database since: build 2 (2026-11-13)

Every change against the 2015 build is in the changelog download.

Composition by region

Reference (L) strand as deposited in RefSeq

Whole genome16,748 bp

Protein-coding11,376 bp

12S rRNA967 bp

16S rRNA1,592 bp

All tRNA1,550 bp

D-loop1,198 bp

Genes and regions

Select a column to sort; select a gene to compare it across species

Base composition of Gelochelidon nilotica genes

ND1NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1	978 bp	27.2%	29.7%	13.5%	29.7%	43.15%	−0.374	−0.043
ND2NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2	1,039 bp	32.1%	25.3%	10.3%	32.3%	42.64%	−0.517	+0.117
COX1Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I	1,551 bp	27.5%	27.3%	16.2%	28.9%	45.13%	−0.280	+0.004
COX2Cytochrome c oxidase subunit II	684 bp	29.2%	26.3%	14.8%	29.7%	44.44%	−0.336	+0.053
ATP8ATP synthase F0 subunit 8	168 bp	33.9%	26.8%	5.4%	33.9%	39.29%	−0.727	+0.118
ATP6ATP synthase F0 subunit 6	684 bp	29.4%	25.0%	10.1%	35.5%	45.61%	−0.558	+0.081
COX3Cytochrome c oxidase subunit III	784 bp	29.6%	25.0%	15.1%	30.4%	45.41%	−0.337	+0.084
ND3NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3	351 bp	29.6%	27.4%	12.0%	31.1%	43.02%	−0.444	+0.040
ND4LNADH dehydrogenase subunit 4L	297 bp	30.3%	26.6%	13.5%	29.6%	43.10%	−0.375	+0.065
ND4NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4	1,378 bp	31.0%	25.3%	10.2%	33.5%	43.69%	−0.535	+0.101
ND5NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5	1,815 bp	31.3%	25.1%	11.6%	32.0%	43.53%	−0.468	+0.110
ND6NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6	522 bp	40.0%	11.7%	10.3%	37.9%	48.28%	−0.571	+0.548
CYTBCytochrome b	1,143 bp	28.3%	26.4%	13.0%	32.3%	45.32%	−0.425	+0.034
12S rRNA12S ribosomal RNA	967 bp	31.3%	21.6%	20.8%	26.3%	47.05%	−0.116	+0.184
16S rRNA16S ribosomal RNA	1,592 bp	33.8%	23.1%	18.1%	25.1%	43.15%	−0.162	+0.189
D-loopControl region (D-loop)	1,198 bp	31.3%	26.1%	13.8%	28.8%	42.57%	−0.353	+0.090

Codon usage

Counts per codon, darker is more frequent

Gene

3,797 codons in all protein-coding genes. Grouped with the Vertebrate mitochondrial code (NCBI table 2).

Phe F5.8%

UUU64

UUC157

Leu L17.5%

UUA108

UUG18

CUU82

CUC135

CUA291

CUG32

Ile I7.7%

AUU95

AUC196

Met M4.6%

AUA145

AUG29

Val V4.7%

GUU36

GUC35

GUA84

GUG25

Ser S7.8%

UCU50

UCC76

UCA100

UCG13

AGU9

AGC48

Pro P5.7%

CCU37

CCC70

CCA101

CCG7

Thr T9.1%

ACU69

ACC137

ACA133

ACG6

Ala A7.6%

GCU70

GCC110

GCA103

GCG4

Tyr Y2.9%

UAU28

UAC83

His H2.8%

CAU35

CAC71

Gln Q2.6%

CAA81

CAG16

Asn N3.3%

AAU20

AAC107

Lys K2.2%

AAA78

AAG7

Asp D1.7%

GAU20

GAC43

Glu E2.4%

GAA76

GAG16

Cys C0.8%

UGU12

UGC17

Trp W2.8%

UGA92

UGG15

Arg R1.9%

CGU9

CGC20

CGA38

CGG5

Gly G5.9%

GGU50

GGC56

GGA83

GGG34

Stop 0.3%

UAA6

UAG0

AGA1

AGG3

Genome map

38 annotated features in NC_036344.1

Hover, tap or tab to a feature to see its position, length, strand and GC content. Genes and rRNAs open their own pages.

Protein-coding13
rRNA2
tRNA22
D-loop1

Outer ring: + strand, arrows run clockwise. Inner ring: − strand.
Middle ring: GC% of each gene against the whole genome (44.0%, dashed): out is GC-richer, in is AT-richer (full height = 6 points).

All 38 features as a table

Annotated features of Gelochelidon nilotica (NC_036344.1)
Feature	Type	Start	End	Length	Strand	GC
tRNA-Phe	Transfer RNA	1	71	71 bp	+	–
12S rRNA	Ribosomal RNA	72	1,038	967 bp	+	47.1%
tRNA-Val	Transfer RNA	1,039	1,110	72 bp	+	–
16S rRNA	Ribosomal RNA	1,111	2,702	1,592 bp	+	43.2%
tRNA-Leu (UUR)	Transfer RNA	2,703	2,776	74 bp	+	–
ND1	Protein-coding gene	2,785	3,762	978 bp	+	43.2%
tRNA-Ile	Transfer RNA	3,761	3,833	73 bp	+	–
tRNA-Gln	Transfer RNA	3,843	3,913	71 bp	−	–
tRNA-Met	Transfer RNA	3,913	3,981	69 bp	+	–
ND2	Protein-coding gene	3,982	5,020	1,039 bp	+	42.6%
tRNA-Trp	Transfer RNA	5,021	5,091	71 bp	+	–
tRNA-Ala	Transfer RNA	5,093	5,161	69 bp	−	–
tRNA-Asn	Transfer RNA	5,164	5,236	73 bp	−	–
tRNA-Cys	Transfer RNA	5,239	5,305	67 bp	−	–
tRNA-Tyr	Transfer RNA	5,306	5,376	71 bp	−	–
COX1	Protein-coding gene	5,378	6,928	1,551 bp	+	45.1%
tRNA-Ser (UCN)	Transfer RNA	6,920	6,993	74 bp	−	–
tRNA-Asp	Transfer RNA	6,996	7,064	69 bp	+	–
COX2	Protein-coding gene	7,066	7,749	684 bp	+	44.4%
tRNA-Lys	Transfer RNA	7,751	7,820	70 bp	+	–
ATP8	Protein-coding gene	7,822	7,989	168 bp	+	39.3%
ATP6	Protein-coding gene	7,980	8,663	684 bp	+	45.6%
COX3	Protein-coding gene	8,663	9,446	784 bp	+	45.4%
tRNA-Gly	Transfer RNA	9,447	9,515	69 bp	+	–
ND3	Protein-coding gene	9,516	9,867	352 bp	+	43.0%
tRNA-Arg	Transfer RNA	9,872	9,940	69 bp	+	–
ND4L	Protein-coding gene	9,942	10,238	297 bp	+	43.1%
ND4	Protein-coding gene	10,232	11,609	1,378 bp	+	43.7%
tRNA-His	Transfer RNA	11,610	11,679	70 bp	+	–
tRNA-Ser (AGY)	Transfer RNA	11,680	11,745	66 bp	+	–
tRNA-Leu (CUN)	Transfer RNA	11,745	11,815	71 bp	+	–
ND5	Protein-coding gene	11,816	13,630	1,815 bp	+	43.5%
CYTB	Protein-coding gene	13,645	14,787	1,143 bp	+	45.3%
tRNA-Thr	Transfer RNA	14,793	14,863	71 bp	+	–
tRNA-Pro	Transfer RNA	14,872	14,941	70 bp	−	–
ND6	Protein-coding gene	14,954	15,475	522 bp	−	48.3%
tRNA-Glu	Transfer RNA	15,479	15,550	72 bp	−	–
D-loop	Control region	15,551	16,748	1,198 bp	–	42.6%