Haliotis tuberculata
Tuberculate abalone
GC content
39.28%
Whole genome
Non-coding
1,204 bp
Including the D-loop
Where Tuberculate abalone sits among 2,335 species
Whole-genome GC content against maximum lifespan. Tuberculate abalone has the 1,230th longest lifespan of them.
- This species
- All other species
Base composition
Whole genome16,521 bp
- GC skew (G − C) / (G + C)
- −0.315
- AT skew (A − T) / (A + T)
- +0.146
About this record
- Lifespan source
- SeaLifeBase v26.06
- Based on
- an animal in the wild
- Data quality
- acceptable
- Licence
- CC BY-NC 4.0
- Status
- New in build 2
- In the database since
- build 2 (2026-11-13)
The lifespan value is for non-commercial use only; the genome data is not restricted by it.
Every change against the 2015 build is in the changelog download.
Composition by region
Reference (L) strand as deposited in RefSeqWhole genome16,521 bp
Protein-coding11,259 bp
12S rRNA1,083 bp
16S rRNA1,521 bp
All tRNA1,454 bp
Genes and regions
Select a column to sort; select a gene to compare it across species| Composition | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ND1NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 | 945 bp | 37.78% | −0.406 | +0.354 | |||||
| ND2NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 | 1,098 bp | 39.07% | −0.338 | −0.037 | |||||
| COX1Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I | 1,542 bp | 43.32% | −0.219 | −0.046 | |||||
| COX2Cytochrome c oxidase subunit II | 696 bp | 41.67% | −0.193 | +0.034 | |||||
| ATP8ATP synthase F0 subunit 8 | 168 bp | 36.91% | −0.484 | +0.019 | |||||
| ATP6ATP synthase F0 subunit 6 | 696 bp | 41.81% | −0.347 | −0.057 | |||||
| COX3Cytochrome c oxidase subunit III | 780 bp | 45.64% | −0.174 | −0.094 | |||||
| ND3NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3 | 354 bp | 41.53% | −0.224 | −0.130 | |||||
| ND4LNADH dehydrogenase subunit 4L | 300 bp | 34.00% | −0.510 | +0.354 | |||||
| ND4NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 | 1,293 bp | 38.36% | −0.415 | +0.345 | |||||
| ND5NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 | 1,740 bp | 38.10% | −0.397 | +0.352 | |||||
| ND6NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6 | 507 bp | 38.66% | −0.429 | +0.447 | |||||
| CYTBCytochrome b | 1,140 bp | 40.09% | −0.208 | +0.321 | |||||
| 12S rRNA12S ribosomal RNA | 1,083 bp | 39.15% | −0.292 | +0.102 | |||||
| 16S rRNA16S ribosomal RNA | 1,521 bp | 35.90% | −0.337 | +0.110 |
Codon usage
Counts per codon, darker is more frequent3,753 codons in all protein-coding genes. Grouped with the Invertebrate mitochondrial code (NCBI table 5).
Phe F8.3%
UUU222
UUC90
Leu L15.4%
UUA149
UUG133
CUU104
CUC49
CUA117
CUG25
Ile I6.4%
AUU171
AUC69
Met M4.6%
AUA92
AUG80
Val V8.7%
GUU140
GUC40
GUA89
GUG57
Ser S9.4%
UCU104
UCC34
UCA67
UCG12
AGU36
AGC18
AGA46
AGG35
Pro P4.0%
CCU49
CCC30
CCA41
CCG29
Thr T4.8%
ACU56
ACC51
ACA62
ACG12
Ala A6.5%
GCU84
GCC58
GCA74
GCG28
Tyr Y3.5%
UAU91
UAC42
His H2.2%
CAU43
CAC39
Gln Q2.1%
CAA51
CAG27
Asn N3.0%
AAU70
AAC41
Lys K2.3%
AAA46
AAG39
Asp D2.0%
GAU44
GAC31
Glu E2.5%
GAA49
GAG43
Cys C1.5%
UGU37
UGC21
Trp W3.0%
UGA62
UGG52
Arg R1.7%
CGU15
CGC8
CGA26
CGG16
Gly G7.8%
GGU65
GGC40
GGA86
GGG103
Stop 0.3%
UAA8
UAG5
Genome map
37 annotated features in NC_013708.1Hover, tap or tab to a feature to see its position, length, strand and GC content. Genes and rRNAs open their own pages.
- Protein-coding13
- rRNA2
- tRNA22
- Outer ring: + strand, arrows run clockwise. Inner ring: − strand.
- Middle ring: GC% of each gene against the whole genome (39.3%, dashed): out is GC-richer, in is AT-richer (full height = 6 points).
All 37 features as a table
| Feature | Type | Start | End | Length | Strand | GC |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| COX3 | Protein-coding gene | 475 | 1,254 | 780 bp | + | 45.6% |
| tRNA-Asp | Transfer RNA | 1,285 | 1,355 | 71 bp | + | – |
| tRNA-Lys | Transfer RNA | 1,357 | 1,424 | 68 bp | + | – |
| tRNA-Ala | Transfer RNA | 1,422 | 1,490 | 69 bp | + | – |
| tRNA-Arg | Transfer RNA | 1,491 | 1,557 | 67 bp | + | – |
| tRNA-Ile | Transfer RNA | 1,569 | 1,642 | 74 bp | + | – |
| ND3 | Protein-coding gene | 1,645 | 1,998 | 354 bp | + | 41.5% |
| tRNA-Asn | Transfer RNA | 2,010 | 2,082 | 73 bp | + | – |
| tRNA-Ser (AGY) | Transfer RNA | 2,084 | 2,148 | 65 bp | + | – |
| ND2 | Protein-coding gene | 2,153 | 3,250 | 1,098 bp | + | 39.1% |
| COX1 | Protein-coding gene | 3,267 | 4,808 | 1,542 bp | + | 43.3% |
| COX2 | Protein-coding gene | 4,850 | 5,545 | 696 bp | + | 41.7% |
| ATP8 | Protein-coding gene | 5,634 | 5,801 | 168 bp | + | 36.9% |
| ATP6 | Protein-coding gene | 5,842 | 6,537 | 696 bp | + | 41.8% |
| tRNA-Ser (AGY) | Transfer RNA | 6,564 | 6,631 | 68 bp | + | – |
| ND5 | Protein-coding gene | 6,661 | 8,400 | 1,740 bp | − | 38.1% |
| tRNA-His | Transfer RNA | 8,401 | 8,468 | 68 bp | − | – |
| ND4 | Protein-coding gene | 8,493 | 9,785 | 1,293 bp | − | 38.4% |
| ND4L | Protein-coding gene | 9,881 | 10,180 | 300 bp | − | 34.0% |
| tRNA-Thr | Transfer RNA | 10,212 | 10,282 | 71 bp | + | – |
| tRNA-Phe | Transfer RNA | 10,309 | 10,375 | 67 bp | − | – |
| CYTB | Protein-coding gene | 10,386 | 11,525 | 1,140 bp | − | 40.1% |
| ND6 | Protein-coding gene | 11,554 | 12,060 | 507 bp | − | 38.7% |
| tRNA-Pro | Transfer RNA | 12,064 | 12,125 | 62 bp | − | – |
| ND1 | Protein-coding gene | 12,143 | 13,087 | 945 bp | − | 37.8% |
| tRNA-Leu (UUR) | Transfer RNA | 13,095 | 13,153 | 59 bp | − | – |
| tRNA-Leu (CUN) | Transfer RNA | 13,250 | 13,313 | 64 bp | − | – |
| 16S rRNA | Ribosomal RNA | 13,315 | 14,835 | 1,521 bp | − | 35.9% |
| tRNA-Val | Transfer RNA | 14,850 | 14,902 | 53 bp | − | – |
| 12S rRNA | Ribosomal RNA | 14,903 | 15,985 | 1,083 bp | − | 39.2% |
| tRNA-Met | Transfer RNA | 15,987 | 16,055 | 69 bp | − | – |
| tRNA-Tyr | Transfer RNA | 16,062 | 16,126 | 65 bp | − | – |
| tRNA-Cys | Transfer RNA | 16,129 | 16,191 | 63 bp | − | – |
| tRNA-Trp | Transfer RNA | 16,195 | 16,262 | 68 bp | − | – |
| tRNA-Gln | Transfer RNA | 16,279 | 16,341 | 63 bp | − | – |
| tRNA-Gly | Transfer RNA | 16,350 | 16,414 | 65 bp | − | – |
| tRNA-Glu | Transfer RNA | 16,421 | 16,485 | 65 bp | − | – |