MitoAge

Merluccius merluccius

European hake

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Retired record. RefSeq NC_015120.1 is not in NCBI RefSeq release 237 (mitochondrion.1.genomic.gbff.gz, file date 2026-09-03) (suppressed) and the release has no other complete mitogenome of NCBI species 8063 (Merluccius merluccius); no longer qualifies under the RefSeq-only rule Its build 1 values are kept and it is left out of the correlations.

Maximum lifespan
20 yr
AnAge record
mtDNA size
17,078 bp
RefSeq NC_015120.1
GC content
48.32%
Whole genome
Non-coding
1,486 bp
D-loop 871 bp

Where European hake sits among 2,335 species

Whole-genome GC content against maximum lifespan. European hake has the 896th longest lifespan of them.

10203040501 yr10 yr100 yrMaximum lifespan, log scaleGC %European hake
  • This species
  • Other ray-finned fishes
  • Other classes
Plot other mtDNA features with this species highlighted

Base composition

Whole genome17,078 bp
GC skew (G − C) / (G + C)
−0.302
AT skew (A − T) / (A + T)
+0.030

Life history

Maximum lifespan
20 years
Adult weight
8.3 kg
Female sexual maturity
3 years
Male sexual maturity
3 years

Lifespan from AnAge · AnAge record · other traits from AnAge Build 15 (HAGRID 04047)

About this record

Lifespan source
AnAge build 15
Based on
an animal in the wild
Data quality
acceptable, medium sample
Licence
Free to use, subject to the Human Ageing Genomic Resources conditions of use
Status
Retired
In the database since
build 1 (2015-07-01)
Last changed
build 2 (2026-11-13)

Every change against the 2015 build is in the changelog download.

Composition by region

Reference (L) strand as deposited in RefSeq
Whole genome17,078 bp
Protein-coding11,448 bp
12S rRNA944 bp
16S rRNA1,665 bp
All tRNA1,535 bp
D-loop871 bp

Genes and regions

Select a column to sort; select a gene to compare it across species
Composition
ND1NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1975 bp23.4%27.0%16.3%33.3%49.64%−0.343−0.071
ND2NADH dehydrogenase subunit 21,045 bp24.7%25.6%13.6%36.1%49.67%−0.453−0.019
COX1Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I1,551 bp23.7%26.3%18.2%31.7%49.97%−0.270−0.052
COX2Cytochrome c oxidase subunit II691 bp27.2%25.8%17.9%29.1%47.03%−0.237+0.027
ATP8ATP synthase F0 subunit 8168 bp32.1%22.6%10.1%35.1%45.24%−0.553+0.174
ATP6ATP synthase F0 subunit 6684 bp24.7%27.0%12.6%35.7%48.25%−0.479−0.045
COX3Cytochrome c oxidase subunit III786 bp24.6%24.4%17.7%33.3%51.02%−0.307+0.003
ND3NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3349 bp19.8%30.7%15.8%33.8%49.57%−0.364−0.216
ND4LNADH dehydrogenase subunit 4L297 bp24.6%27.3%15.5%32.7%48.15%−0.357−0.052
ND4NADH dehydrogenase subunit 41,381 bp24.9%24.9%15.1%35.0%50.18%−0.3970.000
ND5NADH dehydrogenase subunit 51,839 bp25.6%24.6%15.1%34.7%49.81%−0.395+0.018
ND6NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6564 bp37.6%13.1%15.8%33.5%49.29%−0.360+0.483
CYTBCytochrome b1,141 bp23.8%28.0%16.1%32.1%48.20%−0.331−0.080
12S rRNA12S ribosomal RNA944 bp30.8%20.7%22.5%26.1%48.52%−0.074+0.198
16S rRNA16S ribosomal RNA1,665 bp32.4%22.6%20.4%24.6%44.99%−0.095+0.179
D-loopControl region (D-loop)871 bp29.0%34.1%14.2%22.6%36.85%−0.227−0.080

Codon usage

Counts per codon, darker is more frequent

3,822 codons in all protein-coding genes. Grouped with the Vertebrate mitochondrial code (NCBI table 2).

Phe F6.6%
UUU94
UUC157
Leu L17.3%
UUA79
UUG16
CUU122
CUC213
CUA169
CUG62
Ile I6.2%
AUU112
AUC125
Met M4.2%
AUA94
AUG67
Val V6.4%
GUU63
GUC81
GUA77
GUG25
Ser S6.5%
UCU42
UCC77
UCA61
UCG5
AGU12
AGC51
Pro P5.8%
CCU35
CCC130
CCA47
CCG9
Thr T7.7%
ACU41
ACC130
ACA113
ACG12
Ala A9.5%
GCU56
GCC199
GCA96
GCG14
Tyr Y2.8%
UAU38
UAC69
His H2.8%
CAU17
CAC90
Gln Q2.5%
CAA79
CAG17
Asn N2.9%
AAU22
AAC88
Lys K1.8%
AAA56
AAG13
Asp D2.1%
GAU13
GAC66
Glu E2.6%
GAA71
GAG27
Cys C0.8%
UGU6
UGC23
Trp W3.0%
UGA91
UGG23
Arg R2.0%
CGU5
CGC19
CGA37
CGG16
Gly G6.3%
GGU21
GGC101
GGA74
GGG46
Stop 0.2%
UAA5
UAG2
AGA1
AGG0

Genome map

38 annotated features in NC_015120.1

Hover, tap or tab to a feature to see its position, length, strand and GC content. Genes and rRNAs open their own pages.

  • Protein-coding13
  • rRNA2
  • tRNA22
  • D-loop1
  • Outer ring: + strand, arrows run clockwise. Inner ring: − strand.
  • Middle ring: GC% of each gene against the whole genome (48.3%, dashed): out is GC-richer, in is AT-richer (full height = 6 points).
All 38 features as a table
FeatureTypeStartEndLengthStrandGC
tRNA-PheTransfer RNA16969 bp+–
12S rRNARibosomal RNA701,013944 bp+48.5%
tRNA-ValTransfer RNA1,0141,08572 bp+–
16S rRNARibosomal RNA1,0862,7501,665 bp+45.0%
tRNA-Leu (UUR)Transfer RNA2,7512,82474 bp+–
ND1Protein-coding gene2,8253,799975 bp+49.6%
tRNA-IleTransfer RNA3,8043,87370 bp+–
tRNA-GlnTransfer RNA3,8733,94371 bp−–
tRNA-MetTransfer RNA3,9434,01270 bp+–
ND2Protein-coding gene4,0155,0591,045 bp+49.7%
tRNA-TrpTransfer RNA5,0605,12970 bp+–
tRNA-AlaTransfer RNA5,1315,19868 bp−–
tRNA-AsnTransfer RNA5,2015,27474 bp−–
tRNA-CysTransfer RNA5,3065,36762 bp−–
tRNA-TyrTransfer RNA5,3795,44567 bp−–
COX1Protein-coding gene5,4476,9971,551 bp+50.0%
tRNA-Ser (UCN)Transfer RNA7,0007,07071 bp−–
tRNA-AspTransfer RNA7,0757,14167 bp+–
COX2Protein-coding gene7,1567,846691 bp+47.0%
tRNA-LysTransfer RNA7,8477,92074 bp+–
ATP8Protein-coding gene7,9228,089168 bp+45.2%
ATP6Protein-coding gene8,0808,763684 bp+48.3%
COX3Protein-coding gene8,7639,548786 bp+51.0%
tRNA-GlyTransfer RNA9,5499,61668 bp+–
ND3Protein-coding gene9,6189,966349 bp+49.6%
tRNA-ArgTransfer RNA9,96710,03569 bp+–
ND4LProtein-coding gene10,03710,333297 bp+48.2%
ND4Protein-coding gene10,32711,7071,381 bp+50.2%
tRNA-HisTransfer RNA11,70811,77669 bp+–
tRNA-Ser (AGY)Transfer RNA11,77711,84468 bp+–
tRNA-Leu (CUN)Transfer RNA11,84611,91873 bp+–
ND5Protein-coding gene11,91913,7571,839 bp+49.8%
ND6Protein-coding gene13,75314,316564 bp−49.3%
tRNA-GluTransfer RNA14,31814,38568 bp−–
CYTBProtein-coding gene14,39115,5311,141 bp+48.2%
tRNA-ThrTransfer RNA15,53215,60574 bp+–
tRNA-ProTransfer RNA16,13916,20769 bp−–
D-loopControl region16,20817,078871 bp–36.9%

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