Rallus aquaticus

Water rail

Maximum lifespan

8.9 yr

AnAge record

mtDNA size

17,149 bp

RefSeq NC_041578.1

GC content

44.65%

Whole genome

Non-coding

1,704 bp

D-loop 1,639 bp

Where Water rail sits among 2,335 species

Whole-genome GC content against maximum lifespan. Water rail has the 1,695th longest lifespan of them.

This species
Other birds
Other classes

Plot other mtDNA features with this species highlighted

Base composition

Whole genome17,149 bp

GC skew (G − C) / (G + C): −0.386
AT skew (A − T) / (A + T): +0.146

Life history

Maximum lifespan: 8.9 years
Adult weight: 111.5 g
Female sexual maturity: 365 days
Male sexual maturity: 365 days
Postnatal growth rate: 0.114 per day

Lifespan from AnAge · AnAge record · other traits from AnAge build 15 (HAGRID 00725)

About this record

Lifespan source: AnAge build 15
Based on: an animal in the wild
Data quality: acceptable, medium sample
Licence: Free to use, subject to the Human Ageing Genomic Resources conditions of use
Status: New in build 2
In the database since: build 2 (2026-11-13)

Every change against the 2015 build is in the changelog download.

Composition by region

Reference (L) strand as deposited in RefSeq

Whole genome17,149 bp

Protein-coding11,347 bp

12S rRNA974 bp

16S rRNA1,593 bp

All tRNA1,543 bp

D-loop1,639 bp

Genes and regions

Select a column to sort; select a gene to compare it across species

Base composition of Rallus aquaticus genes

ND1NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1	960 bp	28.6%	25.8%	13.4%	32.1%	45.52%	−0.410	+0.052
ND2NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2	1,041 bp	33.5%	22.9%	9.1%	34.5%	43.61%	−0.582	+0.189
COX1Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I	1,551 bp	27.2%	24.6%	16.6%	31.7%	48.23%	−0.313	+0.051
COX2Cytochrome c oxidase subunit II	684 bp	30.7%	25.0%	14.0%	30.3%	44.30%	−0.366	+0.102
ATP8ATP synthase F0 subunit 8	168 bp	34.5%	22.6%	6.5%	36.3%	42.86%	−0.694	+0.208
ATP6ATP synthase F0 subunit 6	684 bp	30.8%	24.0%	9.5%	35.7%	45.18%	−0.579	+0.125
COX3Cytochrome c oxidase subunit III	784 bp	27.6%	25.1%	15.8%	31.5%	47.32%	−0.332	+0.046
ND3NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3	351 bp	28.8%	23.4%	12.3%	35.6%	47.86%	−0.488	+0.104
ND4LNADH dehydrogenase subunit 4L	297 bp	29.6%	24.2%	13.1%	33.0%	46.13%	−0.431	+0.100
ND4NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4	1,368 bp	32.7%	22.6%	10.6%	34.1%	44.74%	−0.526	+0.183
ND5NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5	1,812 bp	32.6%	23.5%	11.4%	32.6%	43.99%	−0.483	+0.163
ND6NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6	522 bp	42.1%	12.6%	9.0%	36.2%	45.21%	−0.602	+0.538
CYTBCytochrome b	1,143 bp	29.5%	25.0%	12.7%	32.8%	45.49%	−0.442	+0.082
12S rRNA12S ribosomal RNA	974 bp	32.2%	19.4%	19.2%	29.2%	48.36%	−0.206	+0.249
16S rRNA16S ribosomal RNA	1,593 bp	35.6%	20.9%	18.1%	25.4%	43.50%	−0.169	+0.260
D-loopControl region (D-loop)	1,639 bp	31.3%	28.9%	12.9%	27.0%	39.84%	−0.354	+0.041

Codon usage

Counts per codon, darker is more frequent

Gene

3,788 codons in all protein-coding genes. Grouped with the Vertebrate mitochondrial code (NCBI table 2).

Phe F5.6%

UUU50

UUC163

Leu L17.3%

UUA93

UUG25

CUU51

CUC153

CUA291

CUG43

Ile I7.6%

AUU93

AUC195

Met M4.9%

AUA152

AUG32

Val V4.1%

GUU29

GUC48

GUA56

GUG21

Ser S7.4%

UCU32

UCC79

UCA104

UCG10

AGU6

AGC49

Pro P5.9%

CCU31

CCC74

CCA115

CCG4

Thr T9.9%

ACU60

ACC143

ACA159

ACG12

Ala A7.4%

GCU37

GCC136

GCA101

GCG7

Tyr Y3.1%

UAU40

UAC76

His H2.8%

CAU20

CAC87

Gln Q2.6%

CAA89

CAG10

Asn N3.5%

AAU20

AAC111

Lys K2.3%

AAA83

AAG6

Asp D1.7%

GAU17

GAC47

Glu E2.5%

GAA79

GAG16

Cys C0.7%

UGU7

UGC21

Trp W2.8%

UGA93

UGG14

Arg R1.9%

CGU4

CGC24

CGA35

CGG8

Gly G5.7%

GGU22

GGC71

GGA78

GGG44

Stop 0.3%

UAA7

UAG2

AGA1

AGG2

Genome map

38 annotated features in NC_041578.1

Hover, tap or tab to a feature to see its position, length, strand and GC content. Genes and rRNAs open their own pages.

Protein-coding13
rRNA2
tRNA22
D-loop1

Outer ring: + strand, arrows run clockwise. Inner ring: − strand.
Middle ring: GC% of each gene against the whole genome (44.7%, dashed): out is GC-richer, in is AT-richer (full height = 6 points).

All 38 features as a table

Annotated features of Rallus aquaticus (NC_041578.1)
Feature	Type	Start	End	Length	Strand	GC
tRNA-Phe	Transfer RNA	1	66	66 bp	+	–
12S rRNA	Ribosomal RNA	67	1,040	974 bp	+	48.4%
tRNA-Val	Transfer RNA	1,041	1,112	72 bp	+	–
16S rRNA	Ribosomal RNA	1,113	2,705	1,593 bp	+	43.5%
tRNA-Leu (UUR)	Transfer RNA	2,706	2,780	75 bp	+	–
ND1	Protein-coding gene	2,783	3,742	960 bp	+	45.5%
tRNA-Ile	Transfer RNA	3,741	3,812	72 bp	+	–
tRNA-Gln	Transfer RNA	3,823	3,893	71 bp	−	–
tRNA-Met	Transfer RNA	3,893	3,961	69 bp	−	–
ND2	Protein-coding gene	3,962	5,002	1,041 bp	+	43.6%
tRNA-Trp	Transfer RNA	5,002	5,072	71 bp	−	–
tRNA-Ala	Transfer RNA	5,074	5,142	69 bp	−	–
tRNA-Asn	Transfer RNA	5,145	5,218	74 bp	−	–
tRNA-Cys	Transfer RNA	5,224	5,290	67 bp	−	–
tRNA-Tyr	Transfer RNA	5,290	5,360	71 bp	−	–
COX1	Protein-coding gene	5,362	6,912	1,551 bp	+	48.2%
tRNA-Ser (UCN)	Transfer RNA	6,904	6,975	72 bp	−	–
tRNA-Asp	Transfer RNA	6,977	7,046	70 bp	+	–
COX2	Protein-coding gene	7,048	7,731	684 bp	+	44.3%
tRNA-Lys	Transfer RNA	7,733	7,803	71 bp	+	–
ATP8	Protein-coding gene	7,805	7,972	168 bp	+	42.9%
ATP6	Protein-coding gene	7,963	8,646	684 bp	+	45.2%
COX3	Protein-coding gene	8,646	9,429	784 bp	+	47.3%
tRNA-Gly	Transfer RNA	9,430	9,498	69 bp	+	–
ND3	Protein-coding gene	9,499	9,850	352 bp	+	47.9%
tRNA-Arg	Transfer RNA	9,855	9,923	69 bp	+	–
ND4L	Protein-coding gene	9,925	10,221	297 bp	+	46.1%
ND4	Protein-coding gene	10,215	11,582	1,368 bp	+	44.7%
tRNA-His	Transfer RNA	11,591	11,660	70 bp	+	–
tRNA-Ser (AGY)	Transfer RNA	11,661	11,725	65 bp	+	–
tRNA-Leu (CUN)	Transfer RNA	11,726	11,796	71 bp	+	–
ND5	Protein-coding gene	11,797	13,608	1,812 bp	+	44.0%
CYTB	Protein-coding gene	13,622	14,764	1,143 bp	+	45.5%
tRNA-Thr	Transfer RNA	14,769	14,838	70 bp	+	–
tRNA-Pro	Transfer RNA	14,842	14,913	72 bp	−	–
ND6	Protein-coding gene	14,919	15,440	522 bp	−	45.2%
tRNA-Glu	Transfer RNA	15,442	15,510	69 bp	−	–
D-loop	Control region	15,511	17,149	1,639 bp	–	39.8%