Sardinops sagax

Pacific sardine

Maximum lifespan

25 yr

AnAge record

mtDNA size

16,883 bp

RefSeq NC_057117.1

GC content

48.68%

Whole genome

Non-coding

1,282 bp

D-loop 1,203 bp

Where Pacific sardine sits among 2,335 species

Whole-genome GC content against maximum lifespan. Pacific sardine has the 642nd longest lifespan of them.

This species
Other ray-finned fishes
Other classes

Plot other mtDNA features with this species highlighted

Base composition

Whole genome16,883 bp

GC skew (G − C) / (G + C): −0.165
AT skew (A − T) / (A + T): −0.012

Life history

Maximum lifespan: 25 years
Adult weight: 267.3 g
Female sexual maturity: 2.2 years
Male sexual maturity: 2.2 years

Lifespan from AnAge · AnAge record · other traits from AnAge build 15 (HAGRID 03849)

About this record

Lifespan source: AnAge build 15
Based on: an animal in the wild
Data quality: acceptable, medium sample
Licence: Free to use, subject to the Human Ageing Genomic Resources conditions of use
Status: New in build 2
In the database since: build 2 (2026-11-13)

Every change against the 2015 build is in the changelog download.

Composition by region

Reference (L) strand as deposited in RefSeq

Whole genome16,883 bp

Protein-coding11,413 bp

12S rRNA957 bp

16S rRNA1,681 bp

All tRNA1,550 bp

D-loop1,203 bp

Genes and regions

Select a column to sort; select a gene to compare it across species

Base composition of Sardinops sagax genes

ND1NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1	975 bp	19.1%	29.9%	19.9%	31.1%	50.97%	−0.219	−0.222
ND2NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2	1,046 bp	21.7%	25.3%	18.5%	34.5%	52.96%	−0.303	−0.077
COX1Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I	1,545 bp	23.5%	29.4%	20.7%	26.4%	47.12%	−0.121	−0.111
COX2Cytochrome c oxidase subunit II	691 bp	26.8%	26.6%	18.7%	27.9%	46.60%	−0.199	+0.003
ATP8ATP synthase F0 subunit 8	168 bp	28.6%	25.6%	14.3%	31.5%	45.83%	−0.377	+0.055
ATP6ATP synthase F0 subunit 6	684 bp	23.0%	29.2%	16.8%	31.0%	47.81%	−0.297	−0.120
COX3Cytochrome c oxidase subunit III	785 bp	22.4%	26.6%	20.5%	30.4%	50.96%	−0.195	−0.086
ND3NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3	349 bp	22.1%	30.4%	19.5%	28.1%	47.56%	−0.181	−0.158
ND4LNADH dehydrogenase subunit 4L	297 bp	19.5%	29.3%	20.5%	30.6%	51.18%	−0.197	−0.200
ND4NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4	1,381 bp	22.6%	27.9%	20.8%	28.7%	49.53%	−0.161	−0.105
ND5NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5	1,836 bp	24.0%	27.1%	18.6%	30.4%	48.97%	−0.241	−0.061
ND6NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6	537 bp	33.1%	16.0%	22.3%	28.5%	50.84%	−0.121	+0.348
CYTBCytochrome b	1,141 bp	21.5%	29.2%	20.2%	29.2%	49.34%	−0.183	−0.152
12S rRNA12S ribosomal RNA	957 bp	29.2%	20.9%	23.3%	26.6%	49.95%	−0.067	+0.165
16S rRNA16S ribosomal RNA	1,681 bp	31.9%	19.7%	22.5%	25.9%	48.36%	−0.070	+0.237
D-loopControl region (D-loop)	1,203 bp	30.2%	28.0%	19.1%	22.7%	41.81%	−0.085	+0.037

Codon usage

Counts per codon, darker is more frequent

Gene

3,809 codons in all protein-coding genes. Grouped with the Vertebrate mitochondrial code (NCBI table 2).

Phe F6.1%

UUU91

UUC143

Leu L16.1%

UUA70

UUG27

CUU158

CUC130

CUA125

CUG102

Ile I6.8%

AUU145

AUC114

Met M4.4%

AUA45

AUG121

Val V6.9%

GUU59

GUC81

GUA75

GUG46

Ser S6.2%

UCU48

UCC50

UCA62

UCG26

AGU10

AGC41

Pro P5.8%

CCU49

CCC92

CCA53

CCG28

Thr T7.9%

ACU69

ACC112

ACA85

ACG34

Ala A9.6%

GCU76

GCC162

GCA82

GCG47

Tyr Y3.0%

UAU53

UAC60

His H2.7%

CAU23

CAC78

Gln Q2.5%

CAA49

CAG48

Asn N2.9%

AAU36

AAC75

Lys K2.0%

AAA38

AAG38

Asp D1.9%

GAU31

GAC43

Glu E2.7%

GAA48

GAG53

Cys C0.8%

UGU12

UGC19

Trp W3.1%

UGA81

UGG37

Arg R2.0%

CGU11

CGC3

CGA34

CGG27

Gly G6.5%

GGU38

GGC78

GGA63

GGG68

Stop 0.2%

UAA5

UAG2

AGA0

AGG0

Genome map

38 annotated features in NC_057117.1

Hover, tap or tab to a feature to see its position, length, strand and GC content. Genes and rRNAs open their own pages.

Protein-coding13
rRNA2
tRNA22
D-loop1

Outer ring: + strand, arrows run clockwise. Inner ring: − strand.
Middle ring: GC% of each gene against the whole genome (48.7%, dashed): out is GC-richer, in is AT-richer (full height = 6 points).

All 38 features as a table

Annotated features of Sardinops sagax (NC_057117.1)
Feature	Type	Start	End	Length	Strand	GC
tRNA-Phe	Transfer RNA	1	69	69 bp	+	–
12S rRNA	Ribosomal RNA	70	1,026	957 bp	+	50.0%
tRNA-Val	Transfer RNA	1,027	1,098	72 bp	+	–
16S rRNA	Ribosomal RNA	1,099	2,779	1,681 bp	+	48.4%
tRNA-Leu (UUR)	Transfer RNA	2,782	2,856	75 bp	+	–
ND1	Protein-coding gene	2,857	3,831	975 bp	+	51.0%
tRNA-Ile	Transfer RNA	3,841	3,912	72 bp	+	–
tRNA-Gln	Transfer RNA	3,912	3,982	71 bp	−	–
tRNA-Met	Transfer RNA	3,982	4,050	69 bp	+	–
ND2	Protein-coding gene	4,051	5,096	1,046 bp	+	53.0%
tRNA-Trp	Transfer RNA	5,097	5,168	72 bp	+	–
tRNA-Ala	Transfer RNA	5,172	5,240	69 bp	−	–
tRNA-Asn	Transfer RNA	5,242	5,314	73 bp	−	–
tRNA-Cys	Transfer RNA	5,348	5,413	66 bp	−	–
tRNA-Tyr	Transfer RNA	5,416	5,486	71 bp	−	–
COX1	Protein-coding gene	5,494	7,038	1,545 bp	+	47.1%
tRNA-Ser (UCN)	Transfer RNA	7,039	7,109	71 bp	−	–
tRNA-Asp	Transfer RNA	7,114	7,182	69 bp	+	–
COX2	Protein-coding gene	7,196	7,886	691 bp	+	46.6%
tRNA-Lys	Transfer RNA	7,887	7,960	74 bp	+	–
ATP8	Protein-coding gene	7,962	8,129	168 bp	+	45.8%
ATP6	Protein-coding gene	8,120	8,803	684 bp	+	47.8%
COX3	Protein-coding gene	8,803	9,587	785 bp	+	51.0%
tRNA-Gly	Transfer RNA	9,588	9,659	72 bp	+	–
ND3	Protein-coding gene	9,660	10,008	349 bp	+	47.6%
tRNA-Arg	Transfer RNA	10,009	10,078	70 bp	+	–
ND4L	Protein-coding gene	10,079	10,375	297 bp	+	51.2%
ND4	Protein-coding gene	10,369	11,749	1,381 bp	+	49.5%
tRNA-His	Transfer RNA	11,750	11,819	70 bp	+	–
tRNA-Ser (AGY)	Transfer RNA	11,820	11,886	67 bp	+	–
tRNA-Leu (CUN)	Transfer RNA	11,887	11,958	72 bp	+	–
ND5	Protein-coding gene	11,959	13,794	1,836 bp	+	49.0%
ND6	Protein-coding gene	13,791	14,327	537 bp	−	50.8%
tRNA-Glu	Transfer RNA	14,328	14,396	69 bp	−	–
CYTB	Protein-coding gene	14,401	15,541	1,141 bp	+	49.3%
tRNA-Thr	Transfer RNA	15,542	15,611	70 bp	+	–
tRNA-Pro	Transfer RNA	15,611	15,680	70 bp	−	–
D-loop	Control region	15,681	16,883	1,203 bp	–	41.8%