MitoAge

Sciurus carolinensis

Eastern gray squirrel

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Maximum lifespan
23.6 yr
AnAge record
mtDNA size
16,516 bp
RefSeq NC_050012.1
GC content
37.56%
Whole genome
Non-coding
1,127 bp
D-loop 1,066 bp

Where Eastern gray squirrel sits among 2,335 species

Whole-genome GC content against maximum lifespan. Eastern gray squirrel has the 710th longest lifespan of them.

10203040501 yr10 yr100 yrMaximum lifespan, log scaleGC %Eastern gray squirrel
  • This species
  • Other mammals
  • Other classes
Plot other mtDNA features with this species highlighted

Base composition

Whole genome16,516 bp
GC skew (G − C) / (G + C)
−0.292
AT skew (A − T) / (A + T)
+0.000

Life history

Maximum lifespan
23.6 years
Adult weight
533 g
Birth weight
15 g
Basal metabolic rate
2.062 W
Body temperature
38.7 °C
Female sexual maturity
343 days
Male sexual maturity
401 days
Gestation or incubation
44 days
Litter or clutch size
4
Litters per year
2
Postnatal growth rate
0.0234 per day

Lifespan from AnAge · AnAge record · other traits from AnAge build 15 (HAGRID 03162)

About this record

Lifespan source
AnAge build 15
Based on
an animal in captivity
Data quality
acceptable, small sample
Licence
Free to use, subject to the Human Ageing Genomic Resources conditions of use
Status
New in build 2
In the database since
build 2 (2026-11-13)

Every change against the 2015 build is in the changelog download.

Composition by region

Reference (L) strand as deposited in RefSeq
Whole genome16,516 bp
Protein-coding11,330 bp
12S rRNA967 bp
16S rRNA1,574 bp
All tRNA1,518 bp
D-loop1,066 bp

Genes and regions

Select a column to sort; select a gene to compare it across species
Composition
ND1NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1956 bp30.8%31.6%11.5%26.2%37.66%−0.389−0.013
ND2NADH dehydrogenase subunit 21,042 bp31.3%33.0%8.6%27.1%35.70%−0.516−0.027
COX1Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I1,542 bp27.7%33.8%16.9%21.5%38.44%−0.122−0.099
COX2Cytochrome c oxidase subunit II684 bp32.0%31.1%13.5%23.4%36.84%−0.270+0.014
ATP8ATP synthase F0 subunit 8204 bp34.3%31.9%7.8%26.0%33.82%−0.536+0.037
ATP6ATP synthase F0 subunit 6680 bp28.4%32.4%12.1%27.2%39.27%−0.386−0.065
COX3Cytochrome c oxidase subunit III784 bp27.3%31.6%15.1%25.8%40.92%−0.263−0.074
ND3NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3347 bp26.8%34.9%13.0%25.4%38.33%−0.323−0.131
ND4LNADH dehydrogenase subunit 4L297 bp27.3%39.7%13.1%19.9%33.00%−0.204−0.186
ND4NADH dehydrogenase subunit 41,378 bp30.8%33.2%10.5%25.4%35.92%−0.414−0.037
ND5NADH dehydrogenase subunit 51,818 bp30.9%32.5%10.7%25.9%36.65%−0.414−0.025
ND6NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6525 bp40.4%23.0%7.6%29.0%36.57%−0.583+0.273
CYTBCytochrome b1,140 bp26.9%33.2%13.2%26.8%39.91%−0.341−0.104
12S rRNA12S ribosomal RNA967 bp34.2%24.9%18.0%22.9%40.85%−0.119+0.157
16S rRNA16S ribosomal RNA1,574 bp36.0%27.2%17.2%19.6%36.85%−0.066+0.139
D-loopControl region (D-loop)1,066 bp27.9%32.3%12.6%24.9%38.37%−0.328−0.073

Codon usage

Counts per codon, darker is more frequent

3,791 codons in all protein-coding genes. Grouped with the Vertebrate mitochondrial code (NCBI table 2).

Phe F6.4%
UUU149
UUC95
Leu L16.4%
UUA153
UUG22
CUU131
CUC89
CUA199
CUG26
Ile I9.0%
AUU215
AUC126
Met M5.9%
AUA184
AUG39
Val V4.9%
GUU61
GUC33
GUA74
GUG19
Ser S7.9%
UCU85
UCC50
UCA110
UCG5
AGU18
AGC30
Pro P5.0%
CCU72
CCC57
CCA60
CCG2
Thr T7.9%
ACU102
ACC77
ACA115
ACG7
Ala A6.4%
GCU85
GCC68
GCA83
GCG7
Tyr Y3.5%
UAU76
UAC55
His H2.6%
CAU50
CAC49
Gln Q2.1%
CAA67
CAG14
Asn N4.1%
AAU81
AAC74
Lys K2.4%
AAA83
AAG9
Asp D1.9%
GAU44
GAC28
Glu E2.6%
GAA77
GAG22
Cys C0.7%
UGU12
UGC15
Trp W2.7%
UGA93
UGG10
Arg R1.7%
CGU5
CGC11
CGA45
CGG4
Gly G5.6%
GGU46
GGC52
GGA79
GGG35
Stop 0.2%
UAA4
UAG1
AGA2
AGG0

Genome map

38 annotated features in NC_050012.1

Hover, tap or tab to a feature to see its position, length, strand and GC content. Genes and rRNAs open their own pages.

  • Protein-coding13
  • rRNA2
  • tRNA22
  • D-loop1
  • Outer ring: + strand, arrows run clockwise. Inner ring: − strand.
  • Middle ring: GC% of each gene against the whole genome (37.6%, dashed): out is GC-richer, in is AT-richer (full height = 6 points).
All 38 features as a table
FeatureTypeStartEndLengthStrandGC
tRNA-PheTransfer RNA16868 bp+–
12S rRNARibosomal RNA691,035967 bp+40.9%
tRNA-ValTransfer RNA1,0361,10469 bp+–
16S rRNARibosomal RNA1,1052,6781,574 bp+36.9%
tRNA-Leu (UUR)Transfer RNA2,6792,75375 bp+–
ND1Protein-coding gene2,7583,713956 bp+37.7%
tRNA-IleTransfer RNA3,7143,78269 bp+–
tRNA-GlnTransfer RNA3,7803,85273 bp−–
tRNA-MetTransfer RNA3,8553,92369 bp+–
ND2Protein-coding gene3,9244,9651,042 bp+35.7%
tRNA-TrpTransfer RNA4,9665,03267 bp+–
tRNA-AlaTransfer RNA5,0365,10469 bp−–
tRNA-AsnTransfer RNA5,1075,17973 bp−–
tRNA-CysTransfer RNA5,2115,27767 bp−–
tRNA-TyrTransfer RNA5,2785,35174 bp−–
COX1Protein-coding gene5,3526,8931,542 bp+38.4%
tRNA-Ser (UCN)Transfer RNA6,8976,96569 bp−–
tRNA-AspTransfer RNA6,9697,03769 bp+–
COX2Protein-coding gene7,0387,721684 bp+36.8%
tRNA-LysTransfer RNA7,7257,79268 bp+–
ATP8Protein-coding gene7,7947,997204 bp+33.8%
ATP6Protein-coding gene7,9558,634680 bp+39.3%
COX3Protein-coding gene8,6359,418784 bp+40.9%
tRNA-GlyTransfer RNA9,4199,48870 bp+–
ND3Protein-coding gene9,4899,835347 bp+38.3%
tRNA-ArgTransfer RNA9,8369,90267 bp+–
ND4LProtein-coding gene9,90310,199297 bp+33.0%
ND4Protein-coding gene10,19311,5701,378 bp+35.9%
tRNA-HisTransfer RNA11,57111,63969 bp+–
tRNA-Ser (AGY)Transfer RNA11,64011,69859 bp+–
tRNA-Leu (CUN)Transfer RNA11,69911,76870 bp+–
ND5Protein-coding gene11,76913,5861,818 bp+36.7%
ND6Protein-coding gene13,57014,094525 bp−36.6%
tRNA-GluTransfer RNA14,09514,16470 bp−–
CYTBProtein-coding gene14,16815,3071,140 bp+39.9%
tRNA-ThrTransfer RNA15,30815,37669 bp+–
tRNA-ProTransfer RNA15,38215,44968 bp−–
D-loopControl region15,45016,5151,066 bp–38.4%

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