Sprattus sprattus

European sprat

Maximum lifespan

6 yr

AnAge record

mtDNA size

16,668 bp

RefSeq NC_009593.1

GC content

47.33%

Whole genome

Non-coding

1,074 bp

D-loop 1,014 bp

Where European sprat sits among 2,335 species

Whole-genome GC content against maximum lifespan. European sprat has the 1,899th longest lifespan of them.

This species
Other ray-finned fishes
Other classes

Plot other mtDNA features with this species highlighted

Base composition

Whole genome16,668 bp

GC skew (G − C) / (G + C): −0.184
AT skew (A − T) / (A + T): +0.008

Life history

Maximum lifespan: 6 years
Female sexual maturity: 2 years
Male sexual maturity: 2 years

Lifespan from AnAge · AnAge record · other traits from AnAge Build 15 (HAGRID 03850)

About this record

Lifespan source: AnAge build 15
Based on: an animal in the wild
Data quality: acceptable, medium sample
Licence: Free to use, subject to the Human Ageing Genomic Resources conditions of use
Status: Unchanged since build 1
In the database since: build 1 (2015-07-01)

Every change against the 2015 build is in the changelog download.

Composition by region

Reference (L) strand as deposited in RefSeq

Whole genome16,668 bp

Protein-coding11,403 bp

12S rRNA954 bp

16S rRNA1,685 bp

All tRNA1,552 bp

D-loop1,014 bp

Genes and regions

Select a column to sort; select a gene to compare it across species

Base composition of Sprattus sprattus genes

ND1NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1	975 bp	21.3%	29.4%	19.3%	29.9%	49.23%	−0.217	−0.160
ND2NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2	1,045 bp	22.3%	27.2%	18.0%	32.5%	50.53%	−0.288	−0.099
COX1Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I	1,551 bp	25.0%	29.7%	19.5%	25.9%	45.33%	−0.141	−0.087
COX2Cytochrome c oxidase subunit II	691 bp	27.4%	27.5%	18.1%	27.1%	45.15%	−0.199	−0.003
ATP8ATP synthase F0 subunit 8	168 bp	31.5%	28.0%	13.1%	27.4%	40.48%	−0.353	+0.060
ATP6ATP synthase F0 subunit 6	683 bp	23.9%	30.9%	15.5%	29.7%	45.24%	−0.314	−0.128
COX3Cytochrome c oxidase subunit III	785 bp	25.1%	26.0%	18.9%	30.1%	48.92%	−0.229	−0.017
ND3NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3	349 bp	22.3%	30.1%	18.9%	28.7%	47.56%	−0.205	−0.148
ND4LNADH dehydrogenase subunit 4L	297 bp	23.2%	25.3%	17.5%	34.0%	51.52%	−0.320	−0.042
ND4NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4	1,381 bp	23.6%	26.9%	20.3%	29.3%	49.53%	−0.181	−0.065
ND5NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5	1,836 bp	25.8%	27.5%	17.5%	29.2%	46.68%	−0.251	−0.032
ND6NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6	522 bp	35.8%	15.7%	18.2%	30.3%	48.47%	−0.249	+0.390
CYTBCytochrome b	1,141 bp	23.0%	28.4%	19.9%	28.7%	48.64%	−0.182	−0.106
12S rRNA12S ribosomal RNA	954 bp	30.0%	19.7%	22.9%	27.4%	50.26%	−0.090	+0.207
16S rRNA16S ribosomal RNA	1,685 bp	33.4%	19.5%	21.5%	25.6%	47.06%	−0.087	+0.262
D-loopControl region (D-loop)	1,014 bp	29.8%	32.1%	16.6%	21.6%	38.17%	−0.132	−0.037

Codon usage

Counts per codon, darker is more frequent

Gene

3,805 codons in all protein-coding genes. Grouped with the Vertebrate mitochondrial code (NCBI table 2).

Phe F6.3%

UUU98

UUC141

Leu L16.0%

UUA77

UUG37

CUU149

CUC102

CUA159

CUG85

Ile I6.5%

AUU155

AUC91

Met M4.5%

AUA62

AUG110

Val V6.9%

GUU72

GUC66

GUA88

GUG37

Ser S6.1%

UCU44

UCC62

UCA58

UCG12

AGU11

AGC46

Pro P5.7%

CCU60

CCC96

CCA39

CCG22

Thr T8.0%

ACU69

ACC114

ACA95

ACG26

Ala A9.8%

GCU57

GCC153

GCA126

GCG36

Tyr Y3.0%

UAU51

UAC64

His H2.7%

CAU19

CAC83

Gln Q2.6%

CAA56

CAG42

Asn N3.1%

AAU48

AAC69

Lys K2.0%

AAA42

AAG33

Asp D1.9%

GAU26

GAC47

Glu E2.5%

GAA60

GAG37

Cys C0.8%

UGU15

UGC16

Trp W3.1%

UGA93

UGG26

Arg R2.0%

CGU7

CGC11

CGA38

CGG21

Gly G6.3%

GGU34

GGC50

GGA69

GGG87

Stop 0.2%

UAA3

UAG3

AGA0

AGG0

Genome map

38 annotated features in NC_009593.1

Hover, tap or tab to a feature to see its position, length, strand and GC content. Genes and rRNAs open their own pages.

Protein-coding13
rRNA2
tRNA22
D-loop1

Outer ring: + strand, arrows run clockwise. Inner ring: − strand.
Middle ring: GC% of each gene against the whole genome (47.3%, dashed): out is GC-richer, in is AT-richer (full height = 6 points).

All 38 features as a table

Annotated features of Sprattus sprattus (NC_009593.1)
Feature	Type	Start	End	Length	Strand	GC
tRNA-Phe	Transfer RNA	1	69	69 bp	+	–
12S rRNA	Ribosomal RNA	70	1,023	954 bp	+	50.3%
tRNA-Val	Transfer RNA	1,024	1,094	71 bp	+	–
16S rRNA	Ribosomal RNA	1,095	2,779	1,685 bp	+	47.1%
tRNA-Leu (UUR)	Transfer RNA	2,780	2,855	76 bp	+	–
ND1	Protein-coding gene	2,856	3,830	975 bp	+	49.2%
tRNA-Ile	Transfer RNA	3,836	3,907	72 bp	+	–
tRNA-Gln	Transfer RNA	3,907	3,977	71 bp	−	–
tRNA-Met	Transfer RNA	3,977	4,045	69 bp	+	–
ND2	Protein-coding gene	4,046	5,090	1,045 bp	+	50.5%
tRNA-Trp	Transfer RNA	5,091	5,162	72 bp	+	–
tRNA-Ala	Transfer RNA	5,164	5,232	69 bp	−	–
tRNA-Asn	Transfer RNA	5,233	5,306	74 bp	−	–
tRNA-Cys	Transfer RNA	5,337	5,402	66 bp	−	–
tRNA-Tyr	Transfer RNA	5,405	5,475	71 bp	−	–
COX1	Protein-coding gene	5,477	7,027	1,551 bp	+	45.3%
tRNA-Ser (UCN)	Transfer RNA	7,028	7,098	71 bp	−	–
tRNA-Asp	Transfer RNA	7,103	7,172	70 bp	+	–
COX2	Protein-coding gene	7,185	7,875	691 bp	+	45.2%
tRNA-Lys	Transfer RNA	7,876	7,950	75 bp	+	–
ATP8	Protein-coding gene	7,952	8,119	168 bp	+	40.5%
ATP6	Protein-coding gene	8,110	8,792	683 bp	+	45.2%
COX3	Protein-coding gene	8,793	9,577	785 bp	+	48.9%
tRNA-Gly	Transfer RNA	9,578	9,649	72 bp	+	–
ND3	Protein-coding gene	9,650	9,998	349 bp	+	47.6%
tRNA-Arg	Transfer RNA	9,999	10,068	70 bp	+	–
ND4L	Protein-coding gene	10,069	10,365	297 bp	+	51.5%
ND4	Protein-coding gene	10,359	11,739	1,381 bp	+	49.5%
tRNA-His	Transfer RNA	11,740	11,808	69 bp	+	–
tRNA-Ser (AGY)	Transfer RNA	11,809	11,875	67 bp	+	–
tRNA-Leu (CUN)	Transfer RNA	11,876	11,946	71 bp	+	–
ND5	Protein-coding gene	11,947	13,782	1,836 bp	+	46.7%
ND6	Protein-coding gene	13,779	14,300	522 bp	−	48.5%
tRNA-Glu	Transfer RNA	14,301	14,369	69 bp	−	–
CYTB	Protein-coding gene	14,374	15,514	1,141 bp	+	48.6%
tRNA-Thr	Transfer RNA	15,515	15,584	70 bp	+	–
tRNA-Pro	Transfer RNA	15,585	15,654	70 bp	−	–
D-loop	Control region	15,655	16,668	1,014 bp	–	38.2%