MitoAge

Ursus maritimus

Polar bear

Add to compare Download FASTA
Maximum lifespan
43.8 yr
AnAge record
mtDNA size
17,017 bp
RefSeq NC_003428.1
GC content
41.36%
Whole genome
Non-coding
1,635 bp
Including the D-loop

Where Polar bear sits among 2,335 species

Whole-genome GC content against maximum lifespan. Polar bear has the 212th longest lifespan of them.

10203040501 yr10 yr100 yrMaximum lifespan, log scaleGC %Polar bear
  • This species
  • Other mammals
  • Other classes
Plot other mtDNA features with this species highlighted

Base composition

Whole genome17,017 bp
GC skew (G − C) / (G + C)
−0.235
AT skew (A − T) / (A + T)
+0.053

Life history

Maximum lifespan
43.8 years
Adult weight
475 kg
Birth weight
665 g
Body temperature
36.8 °C
Female sexual maturity
4.7 years
Male sexual maturity
4.7 years
Gestation or incubation
65 days
Litter or clutch size
2
Litters per year
0.4
Postnatal growth rate
0.0022 per day

Lifespan from AnAge · AnAge record · other traits from AnAge Build 15 (HAGRID 02253)

About this record

Lifespan source
AnAge build 15
Based on
an animal in captivity
Data quality
acceptable, medium sample
Licence
Free to use, subject to the Human Ageing Genomic Resources conditions of use
Status
Updated in build 2
In the database since
build 1 (2015-07-01)
Last changed
build 2 (2026-11-13)

Every change against the 2015 build is in the changelog download.

Composition by region

Reference (L) strand as deposited in RefSeq
Whole genome17,017 bp
Protein-coding11,341 bp
12S rRNA963 bp
16S rRNA1,579 bp
All tRNA1,507 bp

Genes and regions

Select a column to sort; select a gene to compare it across species
Composition
ND1NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1957 bp29.8%28.5%13.1%28.6%41.69%−0.373+0.022
ND2NADH dehydrogenase subunit 21,044 bp33.5%27.2%11.0%28.3%39.27%−0.439+0.104
COX1Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I1,545 bp25.9%31.3%19.1%23.7%42.78%−0.107−0.095
COX2Cytochrome c oxidase subunit II684 bp31.3%27.9%17.1%23.7%40.79%−0.161+0.057
ATP8ATP synthase F0 subunit 8204 bp37.7%27.9%9.3%25.0%34.31%−0.457+0.149
ATP6ATP synthase F0 subunit 6681 bp27.3%31.0%14.8%26.9%41.70%−0.289−0.063
COX3Cytochrome c oxidase subunit III784 bp26.5%30.1%16.5%26.9%43.37%−0.241−0.063
ND3NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3346 bp28.3%29.8%14.5%27.5%41.91%−0.310−0.025
ND4LNADH dehydrogenase subunit 4L297 bp25.9%35.4%15.5%23.2%38.72%−0.200−0.154
ND4NADH dehydrogenase subunit 41,378 bp29.7%28.9%13.4%28.0%41.44%−0.352+0.014
ND5NADH dehydrogenase subunit 51,821 bp31.8%28.3%12.3%27.6%39.92%−0.384+0.059
ND6NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6528 bp41.5%21.8%9.7%27.1%36.74%−0.474+0.311
CYTBCytochrome b1,140 bp28.5%27.3%14.7%29.5%44.21%−0.333+0.022
12S rRNA12S ribosomal RNA963 bp34.5%23.5%19.5%22.5%42.06%−0.072+0.190
16S rRNA16S ribosomal RNA1,579 bp36.4%23.9%18.1%21.6%39.71%−0.088+0.206

Codon usage

Counts per codon, darker is more frequent

3,802 codons in all protein-coding genes. Grouped with the Vertebrate mitochondrial code (NCBI table 2).

Phe F6.3%
UUU122
UUC116
Leu L15.8%
UUA87
UUG25
CUU75
CUC89
CUA258
CUG68
Ile I8.4%
AUU165
AUC154
Met M6.0%
AUA156
AUG72
Val V5.7%
GUU44
GUC51
GUA95
GUG26
Ser S7.3%
UCU56
UCC66
UCA86
UCG13
AGU24
AGC34
Pro P5.2%
CCU67
CCC60
CCA61
CCG10
Thr T8.0%
ACU85
ACC72
ACA129
ACG17
Ala A7.0%
GCU60
GCC92
GCA98
GCG15
Tyr Y3.5%
UAU63
UAC70
His H2.6%
CAU37
CAC61
Gln Q2.3%
CAA72
CAG16
Asn N3.8%
AAU68
AAC75
Lys K2.6%
AAA79
AAG21
Asp D1.8%
GAU34
GAC36
Glu E2.7%
GAA69
GAG32
Cys C0.7%
UGU8
UGC17
Trp W2.7%
UGA91
UGG13
Arg R1.7%
CGU5
CGC10
CGA40
CGG10
Gly G5.7%
GGU26
GGC53
GGA101
GGG37
Stop 0.3%
UAA6
UAG3
AGA1
AGG0

Genome map

37 annotated features in NC_003428.1

Hover, tap or tab to a feature to see its position, length, strand and GC content. Genes and rRNAs open their own pages.

  • Protein-coding13
  • rRNA2
  • tRNA22
  • Outer ring: + strand, arrows run clockwise. Inner ring: − strand.
  • Middle ring: GC% of each gene against the whole genome (41.4%, dashed): out is GC-richer, in is AT-richer (full height = 6 points).
All 37 features as a table
FeatureTypeStartEndLengthStrandGC
tRNA-PheTransfer RNA1,1341,20168 bp+–
12S rRNARibosomal RNA1,2022,164963 bp+42.1%
tRNA-ValTransfer RNA2,1652,23066 bp+–
16S rRNARibosomal RNA2,2313,8091,579 bp+39.7%
tRNA-Leu (UUR)Transfer RNA3,8113,88575 bp+–
ND1Protein-coding gene3,8884,844957 bp+41.7%
tRNA-IleTransfer RNA4,8434,91270 bp+–
tRNA-GlnTransfer RNA4,9104,98273 bp−–
tRNA-MetTransfer RNA4,9845,05269 bp+–
ND2Protein-coding gene5,0536,0961,044 bp+39.3%
tRNA-TrpTransfer RNA6,0956,16167 bp+–
tRNA-AlaTransfer RNA6,1706,23869 bp−–
tRNA-AsnTransfer RNA6,2396,31173 bp−–
tRNA-CysTransfer RNA6,3456,41167 bp−–
tRNA-TyrTransfer RNA6,4116,47767 bp−–
COX1Protein-coding gene6,4798,0231,545 bp+42.8%
tRNA-Ser (UCN)Transfer RNA8,0208,09172 bp−–
tRNA-AspTransfer RNA8,0968,16267 bp+–
COX2Protein-coding gene8,1638,846684 bp+40.8%
tRNA-LysTransfer RNA8,8508,91768 bp+–
ATP8Protein-coding gene8,9209,123204 bp+34.3%
ATP6Protein-coding gene9,0819,761681 bp+41.7%
COX3Protein-coding gene9,76110,544784 bp+43.4%
tRNA-GlyTransfer RNA10,54510,61369 bp+–
ND3Protein-coding gene10,61410,959346 bp+41.9%
tRNA-ArgTransfer RNA10,96111,02969 bp+–
ND4LProtein-coding gene11,03011,326297 bp+38.7%
ND4Protein-coding gene11,32012,6971,378 bp+41.4%
tRNA-HisTransfer RNA12,69812,76669 bp+–
tRNA-Ser (AGY)Transfer RNA12,76712,82559 bp+–
tRNA-Leu (CUN)Transfer RNA12,82612,89570 bp+–
ND5Protein-coding gene12,89614,7161,821 bp+39.9%
ND6Protein-coding gene14,70015,227528 bp−36.7%
tRNA-GluTransfer RNA15,22815,29669 bp−–
CYTBProtein-coding gene15,30116,4401,140 bp+44.2%
tRNA-ThrTransfer RNA16,44116,51070 bp+–
tRNA-ProTransfer RNA16,51116,57565 bp−–

Downloads