Varanus niloticus

Nile monitor

Retired record. RefSeq NC_008778.1 is not in NCBI RefSeq release 237 (mitochondrion.1.genomic.gbff.gz, file date 2026-09-03) (suppressed) and the release has no other complete mitogenome of NCBI species 62046 (Varanus niloticus); no longer qualifies under the RefSeq-only rule Its build 1 values are kept and it is left out of the correlations.

Maximum lifespan

14.6 yr

AnAge record

mtDNA size

18,511 bp

RefSeq NC_008778.1

GC content

41.14%

Whole genome

Non-coding

3,160 bp

Including the D-loop

Where Nile monitor sits among 2,335 species

Whole-genome GC content against maximum lifespan. Nile monitor has the 1,268th longest lifespan of them.

This species
Other reptiles
Other classes

Plot other mtDNA features with this species highlighted

Base composition

Whole genome18,511 bp

GC skew (G − C) / (G + C): −0.385
AT skew (A − T) / (A + T): +0.079

Life history

Maximum lifespan: 14.6 years
Adult weight: 2.8 kg
Female sexual maturity: 3.5 years
Male sexual maturity: 3.5 years

Lifespan from AnAge · AnAge record · other traits from AnAge Build 15 (HAGRID 03593)

About this record

Lifespan source: AnAge build 15
Based on: an animal in captivity
Data quality: acceptable, medium sample
Licence: Free to use, subject to the Human Ageing Genomic Resources conditions of use
Status: Retired
In the database since: build 1 (2015-07-01)
Last changed: build 2 (2026-11-13)

Every change against the 2015 build is in the changelog download.

Composition by region

Reference (L) strand as deposited in RefSeq

Whole genome18,511 bp

Protein-coding11,397 bp

12S rRNA947 bp

16S rRNA1,527 bp

All tRNA1,487 bp

Genes and regions

Select a column to sort; select a gene to compare it across species

Base composition of Varanus niloticus genes

ND1NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1	966 bp	30.1%	24.7%	11.0%	34.2%	45.14%	−0.514	+0.098
ND2NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2	1,038 bp	34.1%	24.4%	7.6%	33.9%	41.52%	−0.633	+0.166
COX1Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I	1,602 bp	29.0%	27.5%	15.5%	28.0%	43.51%	−0.288	+0.028
COX2Cytochrome c oxidase subunit II	690 bp	33.8%	25.5%	12.6%	28.1%	40.73%	−0.381	+0.139
ATP8ATP synthase F0 subunit 8	165 bp	29.1%	30.3%	5.5%	35.2%	40.61%	−0.731	−0.020
ATP6ATP synthase F0 subunit 6	683 bp	31.2%	27.4%	9.2%	32.2%	41.44%	−0.555	+0.065
COX3Cytochrome c oxidase subunit III	784 bp	29.3%	26.5%	13.4%	30.7%	44.13%	−0.393	+0.050
ND3NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3	346 bp	26.9%	28.6%	13.0%	31.5%	44.51%	−0.416	−0.031
ND4LNADH dehydrogenase subunit 4L	297 bp	30.3%	27.6%	8.1%	34.0%	42.09%	−0.616	+0.047
ND4NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4	1,374 bp	32.5%	27.5%	8.8%	31.2%	40.03%	−0.560	+0.083
ND5NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5	1,805 bp	33.0%	26.6%	10.2%	30.2%	40.44%	−0.496	+0.107
ND6NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6	531 bp	47.3%	13.2%	9.8%	29.8%	39.55%	−0.505	+0.564
CYTBCytochrome b	1,133 bp	30.5%	28.9%	11.7%	28.9%	40.69%	−0.423	+0.027
12S rRNA12S ribosomal RNA	947 bp	36.2%	20.6%	17.0%	26.2%	43.19%	−0.213	+0.275
16S rRNA16S ribosomal RNA	1,527 bp	35.8%	20.8%	15.6%	27.8%	43.42%	−0.282	+0.266

Codon usage

Counts per codon, darker is more frequent

Gene

3,802 codons in all protein-coding genes. Grouped with the Vertebrate mitochondrial code (NCBI table 2).

Phe F5.3%

UUU92

UUC108

Leu L17.6%

UUA100

UUG27

CUU123

CUC155

CUA239

CUG25

Ile I8.8%

AUU145

AUC190

Met M5.4%

AUA177

AUG28

Val V3.4%

GUU33

GUC35

GUA47

GUG14

Ser S7.7%

UCU49

UCC75

UCA121

UCG3

AGU11

AGC33

Pro P5.8%

CCU32

CCC58

CCA118

CCG13

Thr T10.5%

ACU70

ACC169

ACA154

ACG5

Ala A6.0%

GCU43

GCC101

GCA84

GCG2

Tyr Y2.7%

UAU39

UAC62

His H2.9%

CAU45

CAC66

Gln Q2.5%

CAA90

CAG5

Asn N4.2%

AAU58

AAC101

Lys K2.4%

AAA82

AAG8

Asp D1.6%

GAU19

GAC42

Glu E2.2%

GAA75

GAG8

Cys C0.8%

UGU14

UGC15

Trp W2.7%

UGA88

UGG13

Arg R1.8%

CGU12

CGC13

CGA41

CGG2

Gly G5.7%

GGU29

GGC52

GGA108

GGG28

Stop 0.2%

UAA6

UAG1

AGA1

AGG0

Genome map

39 annotated features in NC_008778.1

Hover, tap or tab to a feature to see its position, length, strand and GC content. Genes and rRNAs open their own pages.

Protein-coding13
rRNA2
tRNA22
D-loop2

Outer ring: + strand, arrows run clockwise. Inner ring: − strand.
Middle ring: GC% of each gene against the whole genome (41.1%, dashed): out is GC-richer, in is AT-richer (full height = 6 points).

All 39 features as a table

Annotated features of Varanus niloticus (NC_008778.1)
Feature	Type	Start	End	Length	Strand	GC
tRNA-Phe	Transfer RNA	1	69	69 bp	+	–
12S rRNA	Ribosomal RNA	70	1,016	947 bp	+	43.2%
tRNA-Val	Transfer RNA	1,017	1,084	68 bp	+	–
16S rRNA	Ribosomal RNA	1,085	2,611	1,527 bp	+	43.4%
tRNA-Leu (UUR)	Transfer RNA	2,612	2,684	73 bp	+	–
ND1	Protein-coding gene	2,686	3,651	966 bp	+	45.1%
tRNA-Ile	Transfer RNA	3,654	3,724	71 bp	+	–
tRNA-Gln	Transfer RNA	3,723	3,794	72 bp	−	–
tRNA-Met	Transfer RNA	3,794	3,862	69 bp	+	–
ND2	Protein-coding gene	3,863	4,900	1,038 bp	+	41.5%
tRNA-Trp	Transfer RNA	4,901	4,969	69 bp	+	–
tRNA-Ala	Transfer RNA	4,970	5,038	69 bp	−	–
tRNA-Asn	Transfer RNA	5,040	5,112	73 bp	−	–
tRNA-Cys	Transfer RNA	5,140	5,195	56 bp	−	–
tRNA-Tyr	Transfer RNA	5,201	5,264	64 bp	−	–
COX1	Protein-coding gene	5,266	6,867	1,602 bp	+	43.5%
tRNA-Ser (UCN)	Transfer RNA	6,861	6,931	71 bp	−	–
tRNA-Asp	Transfer RNA	6,935	7,002	68 bp	+	–
COX2	Protein-coding gene	7,003	7,692	690 bp	+	40.7%
tRNA-Lys	Transfer RNA	7,693	7,755	63 bp	+	–
ATP8	Protein-coding gene	7,756	7,920	165 bp	+	40.6%
ATP6	Protein-coding gene	7,911	8,593	683 bp	+	41.4%
COX3	Protein-coding gene	8,594	9,377	784 bp	+	44.1%
tRNA-Gly	Transfer RNA	9,378	9,447	70 bp	+	–
ND3	Protein-coding gene	9,448	9,793	346 bp	+	44.5%
tRNA-Arg	Transfer RNA	9,794	9,857	64 bp	+	–
ND4L	Protein-coding gene	10,482	10,778	297 bp	+	42.1%
ND4	Protein-coding gene	10,772	12,145	1,374 bp	+	40.0%
tRNA-His	Transfer RNA	12,149	12,218	70 bp	+	–
tRNA-Ser (AGY)	Transfer RNA	12,219	12,280	62 bp	+	–
tRNA-Leu (CUN)	Transfer RNA	12,280	12,350	71 bp	+	–
ND5	Protein-coding gene	12,352	14,156	1,805 bp	+	40.4%
CYTB	Protein-coding gene	14,157	15,289	1,133 bp	+	40.7%
tRNA-Thr	Transfer RNA	15,290	15,356	67 bp	+	–
D-loop	Control region	15,357	16,010	654 bp	–	–
tRNA-Glu	Transfer RNA	16,011	16,077	67 bp	−	–
ND6	Protein-coding gene	16,085	16,615	531 bp	−	39.6%
tRNA-Pro	Transfer RNA	16,676	16,740	65 bp	−	–
D-loop	Control region	16,741	18,511	1,771 bp	–	–