Gyrinophilus palleucus

Tennessee cave salamander

Maximum lifespan

18.5 yr

AnAge record

mtDNA size

16,737 bp

RefSeq NC_028297.1

GC content

37.77%

Whole genome

Non-coding

1,500 bp

D-loop 1,398 bp

Where Tennessee cave salamander sits among 2,335 species

Whole-genome GC content against maximum lifespan. Tennessee cave salamander has the 1,019th longest lifespan of them.

This species
Other amphibians
Other classes

Plot other mtDNA features with this species highlighted

Base composition

Whole genome16,737 bp

GC skew (G − C) / (G + C): −0.292
AT skew (A − T) / (A + T): +0.107

Life history

Maximum lifespan: 18.5 years

Lifespan from AnAge · AnAge record

About this record

Lifespan source: AnAge build 15
Based on: an animal in captivity
Data quality: acceptable, small sample
Licence: Free to use, subject to the Human Ageing Genomic Resources conditions of use
Status: New in build 2
In the database since: build 2 (2026-11-13)

Every change against the 2015 build is in the changelog download.

Composition by region

Reference (L) strand as deposited in RefSeq

Whole genome16,737 bp

Protein-coding11,320 bp

12S rRNA911 bp

16S rRNA1,486 bp

All tRNA1,525 bp

D-loop1,398 bp

Genes and regions

Select a column to sort; select a gene to compare it across species

Base composition of Gyrinophilus palleucus genes

ND1NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1	960 bp	32.1%	30.9%	12.6%	24.4%	36.98%	−0.318	+0.018
ND2NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2	1,041 bp	36.1%	28.3%	9.3%	26.2%	35.54%	−0.476	+0.121
COX1Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I	1,545 bp	28.2%	30.8%	16.2%	24.8%	40.97%	−0.210	−0.044
COX2Cytochrome c oxidase subunit II	688 bp	34.9%	27.9%	12.9%	24.3%	37.21%	−0.305	+0.111
ATP8ATP synthase F0 subunit 8	165 bp	41.8%	29.1%	5.5%	23.6%	29.09%	−0.625	+0.179
ATP6ATP synthase F0 subunit 6	684 bp	31.3%	31.0%	9.8%	27.9%	37.72%	−0.481	+0.005
COX3Cytochrome c oxidase subunit III	784 bp	28.2%	31.1%	15.4%	25.3%	40.69%	−0.241	−0.049
ND3NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3	348 bp	29.6%	32.2%	13.5%	24.7%	38.22%	−0.293	−0.042
ND4LNADH dehydrogenase subunit 4L	297 bp	32.3%	28.6%	9.4%	29.6%	39.06%	−0.517	+0.061
ND4NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4	1,372 bp	33.1%	30.0%	11.2%	25.7%	36.88%	−0.391	+0.049
ND5NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5	1,812 bp	35.0%	29.8%	11.1%	24.0%	35.16%	−0.366	+0.081
ND6NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6	516 bp	45.5%	14.5%	10.5%	29.5%	39.92%	−0.476	+0.516
CYTBCytochrome b	1,141 bp	32.0%	31.5%	12.2%	24.4%	36.55%	−0.333	+0.008
12S rRNA12S ribosomal RNA	911 bp	37.9%	21.4%	17.8%	22.9%	40.72%	−0.127	+0.278
16S rRNA16S ribosomal RNA	1,486 bp	39.1%	21.9%	17.3%	21.7%	38.96%	−0.112	+0.281
D-loopControl region (D-loop)	1,398 bp	39.3%	25.8%	13.6%	21.3%	34.91%	−0.221	+0.207

Codon usage

Counts per codon, darker is more frequent

Gene

3,783 codons in all protein-coding genes. Grouped with the Vertebrate mitochondrial code (NCBI table 2).

Phe F6.2%

UUU166

UUC67

Leu L16.2%

UUA204

UUG22

CUU124

CUC69

CUA172

CUG23

Ile I8.2%

AUU232

AUC78

Met M6.3%

AUA209

AUG30

Val V4.6%

GUU51

GUC30

GUA82

GUG11

Ser S7.1%

UCU66

UCC48

UCA103

UCG5

AGU11

AGC37

Pro P5.3%

CCU27

CCC41

CCA128

CCG6

Thr T8.9%

ACU56

ACC104

ACA173

ACG4

Ala A7.0%

GCU43

GCC114

GCA100

GCG9

Tyr Y2.7%

UAU61

UAC41

His H2.5%

CAU29

CAC66

Gln Q2.6%

CAA96

CAG3

Asn N3.9%

AAU67

AAC80

Lys K2.4%

AAA86

AAG6

Asp D1.9%

GAU33

GAC37

Glu E2.6%

GAA85

GAG13

Cys C0.7%

UGU12

UGC16

Trp W2.8%

UGA100

UGG6

Arg R1.8%

CGU6

CGC12

CGA48

CGG3

Gly G5.9%

GGU24

GGC58

GGA113

GGG28

Stop 0.2%

UAA7

UAG1

AGA1

AGG0

Genome map

39 annotated features in NC_028297.1

Hover, tap or tab to a feature to see its position, length, strand and GC content. Genes and rRNAs open their own pages.

Protein-coding13
rRNA2
tRNA22
D-loop2

Outer ring: + strand, arrows run clockwise. Inner ring: − strand.
Middle ring: GC% of each gene against the whole genome (37.8%, dashed): out is GC-richer, in is AT-richer (full height = 6 points).

All 39 features as a table

Annotated features of Gyrinophilus palleucus (NC_028297.1)
Feature	Type	Start	End	Length	Strand	GC
tRNA-Phe	Transfer RNA	1	70	70 bp	+	–
12S rRNA	Ribosomal RNA	71	981	911 bp	+	40.7%
tRNA-Val	Transfer RNA	982	1,050	69 bp	+	–
16S rRNA	Ribosomal RNA	1,096	2,581	1,486 bp	+	39.0%
tRNA-Leu (UUR)	Transfer RNA	2,596	2,670	75 bp	+	–
ND1	Protein-coding gene	2,671	3,630	960 bp	+	37.0%
tRNA-Ile	Transfer RNA	3,630	3,700	71 bp	+	–
tRNA-Gln	Transfer RNA	3,704	3,774	71 bp	−	–
tRNA-Met	Transfer RNA	3,775	3,843	69 bp	+	–
ND2	Protein-coding gene	3,844	4,884	1,041 bp	+	35.5%
tRNA-Trp	Transfer RNA	4,883	4,951	69 bp	+	–
tRNA-Ala	Transfer RNA	4,955	5,021	67 bp	−	–
tRNA-Asn	Transfer RNA	5,022	5,091	70 bp	−	–
tRNA-Cys	Transfer RNA	5,123	5,189	67 bp	−	–
tRNA-Tyr	Transfer RNA	5,190	5,256	67 bp	−	–
COX1	Protein-coding gene	5,258	6,802	1,545 bp	+	41.0%
tRNA-Ser (UCN)	Transfer RNA	6,805	6,875	71 bp	−	–
tRNA-Asp	Transfer RNA	6,875	6,943	69 bp	+	–
COX2	Protein-coding gene	6,944	7,631	688 bp	+	37.2%
tRNA-Lys	Transfer RNA	7,632	7,703	72 bp	+	–
ATP8	Protein-coding gene	7,705	7,869	165 bp	+	29.1%
ATP6	Protein-coding gene	7,860	8,543	684 bp	+	37.7%
COX3	Protein-coding gene	8,543	9,326	784 bp	+	40.7%
tRNA-Gly	Transfer RNA	9,327	9,394	68 bp	+	–
ND3	Protein-coding gene	9,395	9,742	348 bp	+	38.2%
tRNA-Arg	Transfer RNA	9,741	9,808	68 bp	+	–
ND4L	Protein-coding gene	9,809	10,105	297 bp	+	39.1%
ND4	Protein-coding gene	10,099	11,470	1,372 bp	+	36.9%
tRNA-His	Transfer RNA	11,471	11,539	69 bp	+	–
tRNA-Ser (AGY)	Transfer RNA	11,540	11,606	67 bp	+	–
tRNA-Leu (CUN)	Transfer RNA	11,606	11,676	71 bp	+	–
ND5	Protein-coding gene	11,677	13,488	1,812 bp	+	35.2%
ND6	Protein-coding gene	13,474	13,989	516 bp	−	39.9%
tRNA-Glu	Transfer RNA	13,990	14,057	68 bp	−	–
CYTB	Protein-coding gene	14,060	15,200	1,141 bp	+	36.6%
tRNA-Thr	Transfer RNA	15,201	15,268	68 bp	+	–
D-loop	Control region	15,269	15,897	629 bp	–	34.9%
tRNA-Pro	Transfer RNA	15,898	15,968	71 bp	−	–
D-loop	Control region	15,969	16,737	769 bp	–	34.9%