Loxia leucoptera

White-winged crossbill

Maximum lifespan

4 yr

AnAge record

mtDNA size

16,811 bp

RefSeq NC_051015.1

GC content

45.56%

Whole genome

Non-coding

1,332 bp

Including the D-loop

Where White-winged crossbill sits among 2,335 species

Whole-genome GC content against maximum lifespan. White-winged crossbill has the 2,112th longest lifespan of them.

This species
Other birds
Other classes

Plot other mtDNA features with this species highlighted

Base composition

Whole genome16,811 bp

GC skew (G − C) / (G + C): −0.379
AT skew (A − T) / (A + T): +0.130

Life history

Maximum lifespan: 4 years
Adult weight: 28.9 g
Basal metabolic rate: 0.47 W
Gestation or incubation: 13 days
Litter or clutch size: 3
Litters per year: 3

Lifespan from AnAge · AnAge record · other traits from AnAge build 15 (HAGRID 00906)

About this record

Lifespan source: AnAge build 15
Based on: an animal in captivity
Data quality: questionable, small sample
Licence: Free to use, subject to the Human Ageing Genomic Resources conditions of use
Status: New in build 2
In the database since: build 2 (2026-11-13)

Every change against the 2015 build is in the changelog download.

Composition by region

Reference (L) strand as deposited in RefSeq

Whole genome16,811 bp

Protein-coding11,379 bp

12S rRNA976 bp

16S rRNA1,597 bp

All tRNA1,539 bp

Genes and regions

Select a column to sort; select a gene to compare it across species

Base composition of Loxia leucoptera genes

ND1NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1	978 bp	28.0%	27.1%	13.7%	31.2%	44.89%	−0.390	+0.017
ND2NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2	1,040 bp	30.3%	24.3%	10.5%	34.9%	45.39%	−0.538	+0.109
COX1Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I	1,551 bp	28.2%	24.5%	16.4%	30.9%	47.32%	−0.308	+0.070
COX2Cytochrome c oxidase subunit II	684 bp	31.1%	21.8%	14.6%	32.5%	47.08%	−0.379	+0.177
ATP8ATP synthase F0 subunit 8	168 bp	31.0%	26.2%	7.1%	35.7%	42.86%	−0.667	+0.083
ATP6ATP synthase F0 subunit 6	684 bp	31.0%	25.1%	9.6%	34.2%	43.86%	−0.560	+0.104
COX3Cytochrome c oxidase subunit III	785 bp	27.5%	22.8%	15.4%	34.1%	49.62%	−0.378	+0.094
ND3NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3	351 bp	26.2%	24.8%	14.5%	34.5%	49.00%	−0.407	+0.028
ND4LNADH dehydrogenase subunit 4L	297 bp	26.9%	24.9%	11.8%	36.4%	48.15%	−0.510	+0.039
ND4NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4	1,378 bp	31.4%	23.0%	10.2%	35.3%	45.57%	−0.551	+0.155
ND5NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5	1,818 bp	30.8%	22.8%	11.7%	34.7%	46.37%	−0.495	+0.149
ND6NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6	519 bp	39.7%	11.8%	9.8%	38.7%	48.56%	−0.595	+0.543
CYTBCytochrome b	1,143 bp	29.0%	23.1%	13.0%	34.8%	47.86%	−0.455	+0.114
12S rRNA12S ribosomal RNA	976 bp	30.6%	20.9%	21.0%	27.5%	48.46%	−0.133	+0.189
16S rRNA16S ribosomal RNA	1,597 bp	34.8%	21.7%	19.7%	23.9%	43.52%	−0.096	+0.231

Codon usage

Counts per codon, darker is more frequent

Gene

3,796 codons in all protein-coding genes. Grouped with the Vertebrate mitochondrial code (NCBI table 2).

Phe F5.7%

UUU42

UUC173

Leu L17.5%

UUA59

UUG17

CUU58

CUC147

CUA352

CUG33

Ile I8.0%

AUU83

AUC222

Met M4.3%

AUA132

AUG33

Val V5.0%

GUU33

GUC52

GUA84

GUG22

Ser S7.7%

UCU30

UCC100

UCA98

UCG5

AGU7

AGC53

Pro P5.9%

CCU30

CCC89

CCA101

CCG3

Thr T8.1%

ACU44

ACC141

ACA115

ACG8

Ala A8.1%

GCU49

GCC146

GCA102

GCG12

Tyr Y2.8%

UAU27

UAC81

His H2.7%

CAU14

CAC90

Gln Q2.4%

CAA80

CAG13

Asn N3.5%

AAU14

AAC117

Lys K2.3%

AAA80

AAG6

Asp D1.7%

GAU5

GAC61

Glu E2.5%

GAA83

GAG11

Cys C0.7%

UGU4

UGC24

Trp W2.8%

UGA98

UGG8

Arg R1.9%

CGU13

CGC10

CGA42

CGG6

Gly G5.9%

GGU33

GGC66

GGA94

GGG31

Stop 0.3%

UAA6

UAG1

AGA2

AGG1

Genome map

37 annotated features in NC_051015.1

Hover, tap or tab to a feature to see its position, length, strand and GC content. Genes and rRNAs open their own pages.

Protein-coding13
rRNA2
tRNA22

Outer ring: + strand, arrows run clockwise. Inner ring: − strand.
Middle ring: GC% of each gene against the whole genome (45.6%, dashed): out is GC-richer, in is AT-richer (full height = 6 points).

All 37 features as a table

Annotated features of Loxia leucoptera (NC_051015.1)
Feature	Type	Start	End	Length	Strand	GC
tRNA-Phe	Transfer RNA	1	68	68 bp	+	–
12S rRNA	Ribosomal RNA	68	1,043	976 bp	+	48.5%
tRNA-Val	Transfer RNA	1,043	1,112	70 bp	+	–
16S rRNA	Ribosomal RNA	1,113	2,709	1,597 bp	+	43.5%
tRNA-Leu (UUR)	Transfer RNA	2,710	2,784	75 bp	+	–
ND1	Protein-coding gene	2,799	3,776	978 bp	+	44.9%
tRNA-Ile	Transfer RNA	3,782	3,853	72 bp	+	–
tRNA-Gln	Transfer RNA	3,859	3,929	71 bp	−	–
tRNA-Met	Transfer RNA	3,929	3,997	69 bp	+	–
ND2	Protein-coding gene	3,998	5,037	1,040 bp	+	45.4%
tRNA-Trp	Transfer RNA	5,038	5,107	70 bp	+	–
tRNA-Ala	Transfer RNA	5,109	5,177	69 bp	−	–
tRNA-Asn	Transfer RNA	5,186	5,258	73 bp	−	–
tRNA-Cys	Transfer RNA	5,259	5,325	67 bp	−	–
tRNA-Tyr	Transfer RNA	5,326	5,395	70 bp	−	–
COX1	Protein-coding gene	5,397	6,947	1,551 bp	+	47.3%
tRNA-Ser (UCN)	Transfer RNA	6,939	7,011	73 bp	−	–
tRNA-Asp	Transfer RNA	7,017	7,085	69 bp	+	–
COX2	Protein-coding gene	7,096	7,779	684 bp	+	47.1%
tRNA-Lys	Transfer RNA	7,781	7,849	69 bp	+	–
ATP8	Protein-coding gene	7,851	8,018	168 bp	+	42.9%
ATP6	Protein-coding gene	8,009	8,692	684 bp	+	43.9%
COX3	Protein-coding gene	8,700	9,484	785 bp	+	49.6%
tRNA-Gly	Transfer RNA	9,484	9,552	69 bp	+	–
ND3	Protein-coding gene	9,553	9,903	351 bp	+	49.0%
tRNA-Arg	Transfer RNA	9,905	9,974	70 bp	+	–
ND4L	Protein-coding gene	9,976	10,272	297 bp	+	48.2%
ND4	Protein-coding gene	10,266	11,643	1,378 bp	+	45.6%
tRNA-His	Transfer RNA	11,644	11,713	70 bp	+	–
tRNA-Ser (AGY)	Transfer RNA	11,714	11,779	66 bp	+	–
tRNA-Leu (CUN)	Transfer RNA	11,779	11,849	71 bp	+	–
ND5	Protein-coding gene	11,850	13,667	1,818 bp	+	46.4%
CYTB	Protein-coding gene	13,676	14,818	1,143 bp	+	47.9%
tRNA-Thr	Transfer RNA	14,822	14,890	69 bp	+	–
tRNA-Pro	Transfer RNA	14,906	14,975	70 bp	−	–
ND6	Protein-coding gene	14,985	15,503	519 bp	−	48.6%
tRNA-Glu	Transfer RNA	15,505	15,575	71 bp	−	–