Molothrus aeneus
Bronzed cowbird
GC content
46.30%
Whole genome
Non-coding
1,277 bp
D-loop 1,194 bp
Where Bronzed cowbird sits among 2,335 species
Whole-genome GC content against maximum lifespan. Bronzed cowbird has the 1,648th longest lifespan of them.
- This species
- Other birds
- Other classes
Base composition
Whole genome16,757 bp
- GC skew (G − C) / (G + C)
- −0.388
- AT skew (A − T) / (A + T)
- +0.134
Life history
- Maximum lifespan
- 9.1 years
- Adult weight
- 62.9 g
- Birth weight
- 5.1 g
- Female sexual maturity
- 365 days
- Male sexual maturity
- 365 days
- Gestation or incubation
- 12 days
- Litter or clutch size
- 1
- Litters per year
- 1
Lifespan from USGS Bird Banding Laboratory · USGS longevity records · other traits from AnAge build 15 (HAGRID 00953)
About this record
- Lifespan source
- NABBP Longevity Records v2025.1
- Based on
- an animal in the wild
- Data quality
- acceptable
- Licence
- U.S. Government work
- Status
- New in build 2
- In the database since
- build 2 (2026-11-13)
- Provisional: the EURING list could not be retrieved, so the USGS record is used.
Every change against the 2015 build is in the changelog download.
Composition by region
Reference (L) strand as deposited in RefSeqWhole genome16,757 bp
Protein-coding11,378 bp
12S rRNA978 bp
16S rRNA1,596 bp
All tRNA1,537 bp
D-loop1,194 bp
Genes and regions
Select a column to sort; select a gene to compare it across species| Composition | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ND1NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 | 978 bp | 46.73% | −0.379 | +0.017 | |||||
| ND2NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 | 1,040 bp | 45.19% | −0.562 | +0.133 | |||||
| COX1Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I | 1,551 bp | 47.52% | −0.294 | +0.071 | |||||
| COX2Cytochrome c oxidase subunit II | 684 bp | 48.25% | −0.418 | +0.175 | |||||
| ATP8ATP synthase F0 subunit 8 | 168 bp | 45.83% | −0.636 | +0.033 | |||||
| ATP6ATP synthase F0 subunit 6 | 684 bp | 46.64% | −0.574 | +0.112 | |||||
| COX3Cytochrome c oxidase subunit III | 784 bp | 48.60% | −0.386 | +0.067 | |||||
| ND3NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3 | 351 bp | 47.58% | −0.485 | +0.087 | |||||
| ND4LNADH dehydrogenase subunit 4L | 297 bp | 47.48% | −0.489 | +0.064 | |||||
| ND4NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 | 1,378 bp | 47.39% | −0.547 | +0.159 | |||||
| ND5NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 | 1,818 bp | 46.76% | −0.496 | +0.147 | |||||
| ND6NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6 | 519 bp | 49.71% | −0.659 | +0.571 | |||||
| CYTBCytochrome b | 1,143 bp | 48.99% | −0.464 | +0.094 | |||||
| 12S rRNA12S ribosomal RNA | 978 bp | 48.67% | −0.143 | +0.223 | |||||
| 16S rRNA16S ribosomal RNA | 1,596 bp | 44.67% | −0.116 | +0.234 | |||||
| D-loopControl region (D-loop) | 1,194 bp | 42.46% | −0.385 | +0.016 |
Codon usage
Counts per codon, darker is more frequent3,797 codons in all protein-coding genes. Grouped with the Vertebrate mitochondrial code (NCBI table 2).
Phe F5.8%
UUU41
UUC179
Leu L17.8%
UUA57
UUG20
CUU54
CUC172
CUA331
CUG41
Ile I7.6%
AUU78
AUC212
Met M4.1%
AUA112
AUG42
Val V5.3%
GUU33
GUC68
GUA77
GUG23
Ser S7.5%
UCU35
UCC95
UCA90
UCG6
AGU9
AGC51
Pro P5.8%
CCU25
CCC81
CCA109
CCG6
Thr T8.5%
ACU48
ACC138
ACA130
ACG8
Ala A8.0%
GCU36
GCC168
GCA87
GCG13
Tyr Y2.9%
UAU14
UAC95
His H2.6%
CAU19
CAC80
Gln Q2.5%
CAA88
CAG8
Asn N3.6%
AAU14
AAC124
Lys K2.2%
AAA84
AAG1
Asp D1.7%
GAU11
GAC54
Glu E2.4%
GAA75
GAG15
Cys C0.8%
UGU5
UGC25
Trp W2.8%
UGA101
UGG5
Arg R1.9%
CGU7
CGC17
CGA44
CGG5
Gly G5.8%
GGU18
GGC74
GGA94
GGG35
Stop 0.3%
UAA6
UAG1
AGA1
AGG2
Genome map
38 annotated features in NC_018806.1Hover, tap or tab to a feature to see its position, length, strand and GC content. Genes and rRNAs open their own pages.
- Protein-coding13
- rRNA2
- tRNA22
- D-loop1
- Outer ring: + strand, arrows run clockwise. Inner ring: − strand.
- Middle ring: GC% of each gene against the whole genome (46.3%, dashed): out is GC-richer, in is AT-richer (full height = 6 points).
All 38 features as a table
| Feature | Type | Start | End | Length | Strand | GC |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| tRNA-Phe | Transfer RNA | 1 | 68 | 68 bp | + | – |
| 12S rRNA | Ribosomal RNA | 69 | 1,046 | 978 bp | + | 48.7% |
| tRNA-Val | Transfer RNA | 1,047 | 1,116 | 70 bp | + | – |
| 16S rRNA | Ribosomal RNA | 1,117 | 2,712 | 1,596 bp | + | 44.7% |
| tRNA-Leu (UUR) | Transfer RNA | 2,713 | 2,787 | 75 bp | + | – |
| ND1 | Protein-coding gene | 2,797 | 3,774 | 978 bp | + | 46.7% |
| tRNA-Ile | Transfer RNA | 3,782 | 3,853 | 72 bp | + | – |
| tRNA-Gln | Transfer RNA | 3,859 | 3,929 | 71 bp | − | – |
| tRNA-Met | Transfer RNA | 3,929 | 3,997 | 69 bp | + | – |
| ND2 | Protein-coding gene | 3,998 | 5,037 | 1,040 bp | + | 45.2% |
| tRNA-Trp | Transfer RNA | 5,038 | 5,107 | 70 bp | + | – |
| tRNA-Ala | Transfer RNA | 5,109 | 5,177 | 69 bp | − | – |
| tRNA-Asn | Transfer RNA | 5,187 | 5,257 | 71 bp | − | – |
| tRNA-Cys | Transfer RNA | 5,259 | 5,325 | 67 bp | − | – |
| tRNA-Tyr | Transfer RNA | 5,325 | 5,395 | 71 bp | − | – |
| COX1 | Protein-coding gene | 5,397 | 6,947 | 1,551 bp | + | 47.5% |
| tRNA-Ser (UCN) | Transfer RNA | 6,939 | 7,011 | 73 bp | − | – |
| tRNA-Asp | Transfer RNA | 7,017 | 7,085 | 69 bp | + | – |
| COX2 | Protein-coding gene | 7,094 | 7,777 | 684 bp | + | 48.3% |
| tRNA-Lys | Transfer RNA | 7,779 | 7,846 | 68 bp | + | – |
| ATP8 | Protein-coding gene | 7,848 | 8,015 | 168 bp | + | 45.8% |
| ATP6 | Protein-coding gene | 8,006 | 8,689 | 684 bp | + | 46.6% |
| COX3 | Protein-coding gene | 8,696 | 9,479 | 784 bp | + | 48.6% |
| tRNA-Gly | Transfer RNA | 9,480 | 9,548 | 69 bp | + | – |
| ND3 | Protein-coding gene | 9,549 | 9,899 | 351 bp | + | 47.6% |
| tRNA-Arg | Transfer RNA | 9,901 | 9,970 | 70 bp | + | – |
| ND4L | Protein-coding gene | 9,972 | 10,268 | 297 bp | + | 47.5% |
| ND4 | Protein-coding gene | 10,262 | 11,639 | 1,378 bp | + | 47.4% |
| tRNA-His | Transfer RNA | 11,640 | 11,709 | 70 bp | + | – |
| tRNA-Ser (AGY) | Transfer RNA | 11,710 | 11,776 | 67 bp | + | – |
| tRNA-Leu (CUN) | Transfer RNA | 11,776 | 11,846 | 71 bp | + | – |
| ND5 | Protein-coding gene | 11,847 | 13,664 | 1,818 bp | + | 46.8% |
| CYTB | Protein-coding gene | 13,673 | 14,815 | 1,143 bp | + | 49.0% |
| tRNA-Thr | Transfer RNA | 14,819 | 14,887 | 69 bp | + | – |
| tRNA-Pro | Transfer RNA | 14,895 | 14,964 | 70 bp | − | – |
| ND6 | Protein-coding gene | 14,973 | 15,491 | 519 bp | − | 49.7% |
| tRNA-Glu | Transfer RNA | 15,493 | 15,563 | 71 bp | − | – |
| D-loop | Control region | 15,564 | 16,757 | 1,194 bp | – | 42.5% |