Paralichthys lethostigma

Southern flounder

Maximum lifespan

8 yr

AnAge record

mtDNA size

16,843 bp

RefSeq NC_029223.1

GC content

45.50%

Whole genome

Non-coding

1,197 bp

D-loop 1,120 bp

Where Southern flounder sits among 2,335 species

Whole-genome GC content against maximum lifespan. Southern flounder has the 1,748th longest lifespan of them.

This species
Other ray-finned fishes
Other classes

Plot other mtDNA features with this species highlighted

Base composition

Whole genome16,843 bp

GC skew (G − C) / (G + C): −0.269
AT skew (A − T) / (A + T): +0.032

Life history

Maximum lifespan: 8 years
Adult weight: 5.1 kg

Lifespan from AnAge · AnAge record · other traits from AnAge build 15 (HAGRID 04417)

About this record

Lifespan source: AnAge build 15
Based on: an animal in the wild
Data quality: acceptable, medium sample
Licence: Free to use, subject to the Human Ageing Genomic Resources conditions of use
Status: New in build 2
In the database since: build 2 (2026-11-13)

Every change against the 2015 build is in the changelog download.

Composition by region

Reference (L) strand as deposited in RefSeq

Whole genome16,843 bp

Protein-coding11,416 bp

12S rRNA949 bp

16S rRNA1,731 bp

All tRNA1,550 bp

D-loop1,120 bp

Genes and regions

Select a column to sort; select a gene to compare it across species

Base composition of Paralichthys lethostigma genes

ND1NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1	975 bp	24.7%	27.1%	15.7%	32.5%	48.21%	−0.349	−0.046
ND2NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2	1,046 bp	27.8%	25.8%	12.9%	33.5%	46.37%	−0.443	+0.037
COX1Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I	1,551 bp	26.0%	29.3%	17.3%	27.4%	44.75%	−0.225	−0.060
COX2Cytochrome c oxidase subunit II	691 bp	29.2%	27.6%	15.8%	27.4%	43.13%	−0.268	+0.028
ATP8ATP synthase F0 subunit 8	168 bp	32.7%	27.4%	10.7%	29.2%	39.88%	−0.463	+0.089
ATP6ATP synthase F0 subunit 6	684 bp	23.2%	28.9%	15.2%	32.6%	47.81%	−0.364	−0.109
COX3Cytochrome c oxidase subunit III	785 bp	23.3%	28.7%	16.8%	31.2%	48.03%	−0.300	−0.103
ND3NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3	349 bp	22.9%	30.4%	16.3%	30.4%	46.71%	−0.301	−0.140
ND4LNADH dehydrogenase subunit 4L	297 bp	21.5%	30.6%	15.5%	32.3%	47.81%	−0.352	−0.174
ND4NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4	1,381 bp	27.5%	27.9%	15.1%	29.5%	44.61%	−0.321	−0.007
ND5NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5	1,848 bp	26.6%	28.4%	14.8%	30.2%	45.02%	−0.341	−0.032
ND6NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6	522 bp	37.7%	16.3%	14.8%	31.2%	45.98%	−0.358	+0.397
CYTBCytochrome b	1,141 bp	23.9%	29.5%	15.3%	31.2%	46.54%	−0.341	−0.105
12S rRNA12S ribosomal RNA	949 bp	31.0%	20.9%	22.6%	25.6%	48.16%	−0.063	+0.195
16S rRNA16S ribosomal RNA	1,731 bp	32.5%	21.5%	20.5%	25.4%	45.93%	−0.107	+0.203
D-loopControl region (D-loop)	1,120 bp	35.4%	26.9%	13.1%	24.6%	37.68%	−0.303	+0.138

Codon usage

Counts per codon, darker is more frequent

Gene

3,810 codons in all protein-coding genes. Grouped with the Vertebrate mitochondrial code (NCBI table 2).

Phe F6.5%

UUU106

UUC141

Leu L16.9%

UUA92

UUG21

CUU158

CUC166

CUA152

CUG55

Ile I7.8%

AUU159

AUC137

Met M4.2%

AUA107

AUG52

Val V5.6%

GUU75

GUC56

GUA64

GUG20

Ser S6.6%

UCU37

UCC65

UCA80

UCG14

AGU16

AGC39

Pro P5.8%

CCU55

CCC92

CCA63

CCG12

Thr T7.8%

ACU60

ACC80

ACA133

ACG23

Ala A9.0%

GCU57

GCC149

GCA119

GCG17

Tyr Y2.7%

UAU37

UAC65

His H2.7%

CAU28

CAC76

Gln Q2.5%

CAA86

CAG9

Asn N3.0%

AAU35

AAC78

Lys K1.9%

AAA66

AAG7

Asp D2.0%

GAU24

GAC53

Glu E2.5%

GAA74

GAG23

Cys C0.7%

UGU12

UGC16

Trp W3.2%

UGA94

UGG27

Arg R2.0%

CGU8

CGC12

CGA48

CGG9

Gly G6.4%

GGU40

GGC88

GGA65

GGG51

Stop 0.2%

UAA3

UAG4

AGA0

AGG0

Genome map

38 annotated features in NC_029223.1

Hover, tap or tab to a feature to see its position, length, strand and GC content. Genes and rRNAs open their own pages.

Protein-coding13
rRNA2
tRNA22
D-loop1

Outer ring: + strand, arrows run clockwise. Inner ring: − strand.
Middle ring: GC% of each gene against the whole genome (45.5%, dashed): out is GC-richer, in is AT-richer (full height = 6 points).

All 38 features as a table

Annotated features of Paralichthys lethostigma (NC_029223.1)
Feature	Type	Start	End	Length	Strand	GC
tRNA-Phe	Transfer RNA	1	68	68 bp	+	–
12S rRNA	Ribosomal RNA	69	1,017	949 bp	+	48.2%
tRNA-Val	Transfer RNA	1,018	1,090	73 bp	+	–
16S rRNA	Ribosomal RNA	1,091	2,821	1,731 bp	+	45.9%
tRNA-Leu (UUR)	Transfer RNA	2,822	2,895	74 bp	+	–
ND1	Protein-coding gene	2,896	3,870	975 bp	+	48.2%
tRNA-Ile	Transfer RNA	3,875	3,945	71 bp	+	–
tRNA-Gln	Transfer RNA	3,945	4,015	71 bp	−	–
tRNA-Met	Transfer RNA	4,015	4,083	69 bp	+	–
ND2	Protein-coding gene	4,084	5,129	1,046 bp	+	46.4%
tRNA-Trp	Transfer RNA	5,130	5,201	72 bp	+	–
tRNA-Ala	Transfer RNA	5,204	5,272	69 bp	−	–
tRNA-Asn	Transfer RNA	5,274	5,346	73 bp	+	–
tRNA-Cys	Transfer RNA	5,384	5,448	65 bp	−	–
tRNA-Tyr	Transfer RNA	5,449	5,516	68 bp	−	–
COX1	Protein-coding gene	5,518	7,068	1,551 bp	+	44.8%
tRNA-Ser (UCN)	Transfer RNA	7,069	7,139	71 bp	−	–
tRNA-Asp	Transfer RNA	7,153	7,223	71 bp	+	–
COX2	Protein-coding gene	7,232	7,922	691 bp	+	43.1%
tRNA-Lys	Transfer RNA	7,923	7,995	73 bp	+	–
ATP8	Protein-coding gene	7,997	8,164	168 bp	+	39.9%
ATP6	Protein-coding gene	8,155	8,838	684 bp	+	47.8%
COX3	Protein-coding gene	8,838	9,622	785 bp	+	48.0%
tRNA-Gly	Transfer RNA	9,623	9,694	72 bp	+	–
ND3	Protein-coding gene	9,695	10,043	349 bp	+	46.7%
tRNA-Arg	Transfer RNA	10,044	10,112	69 bp	+	–
ND4L	Protein-coding gene	10,113	10,409	297 bp	+	47.8%
ND4	Protein-coding gene	10,403	11,783	1,381 bp	+	44.6%
tRNA-His	Transfer RNA	11,784	11,853	70 bp	+	–
tRNA-Ser (AGY)	Transfer RNA	11,854	11,920	67 bp	+	–
tRNA-Leu (CUN)	Transfer RNA	11,926	11,998	73 bp	+	–
ND5	Protein-coding gene	12,000	13,847	1,848 bp	+	45.0%
ND6	Protein-coding gene	13,844	14,365	522 bp	−	46.0%
tRNA-Glu	Transfer RNA	14,366	14,434	69 bp	−	–
CYTB	Protein-coding gene	14,439	15,579	1,141 bp	+	46.5%
tRNA-Thr	Transfer RNA	15,580	15,651	72 bp	+	–
tRNA-Pro	Transfer RNA	15,651	15,723	73 bp	−	–
D-loop	Control region	15,724	16,843	1,120 bp	–	37.7%