Torpedo marmorata

Marbled electric ray

Maximum lifespan

20 yr

AnAge record

mtDNA size

17,810 bp

RefSeq NC_059941.1

GC content

34.32%

Whole genome

Non-coding

2,388 bp

D-loop 2,164 bp

Where Marbled electric ray sits among 2,335 species

Whole-genome GC content against maximum lifespan. Marbled electric ray has the 911th longest lifespan of them.

This species
Other sharks and rays
Other classes

Plot other mtDNA features with this species highlighted

Base composition

Whole genome17,810 bp

GC skew (G − C) / (G + C): −0.285
AT skew (A − T) / (A + T): +0.045

Life history

Maximum lifespan: 20 years
Adult weight: 1.7 kg
Female sexual maturity: 12.5 years
Litter or clutch size: 11

Lifespan from AnAge · AnAge record · other traits from AnAge build 15 (HAGRID 01862)

About this record

Lifespan source: AnAge build 15
Based on: an animal in the wild
Data quality: acceptable, medium sample
Licence: Free to use, subject to the Human Ageing Genomic Resources conditions of use
Status: New in build 2
In the database since: build 2 (2026-11-13)

Every change against the 2015 build is in the changelog download.

Composition by region

Reference (L) strand as deposited in RefSeq

Whole genome17,810 bp

Protein-coding11,390 bp

12S rRNA947 bp

16S rRNA1,538 bp

All tRNA1,548 bp

D-loop2,164 bp

Genes and regions

Select a column to sort; select a gene to compare it across species

Base composition of Torpedo marmorata genes

ND1NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1	972 bp	31.9%	30.8%	11.9%	25.4%	37.35%	−0.361	+0.018
ND2NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2	1,047 bp	34.8%	30.6%	9.1%	25.6%	34.67%	−0.477	+0.064
COX1Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I	1,553 bp	28.8%	34.3%	15.5%	21.4%	36.90%	−0.162	−0.086
COX2Cytochrome c oxidase subunit II	691 bp	34.0%	31.3%	13.9%	20.8%	34.73%	−0.200	+0.042
ATP8ATP synthase F0 subunit 8	168 bp	35.7%	32.1%	10.7%	21.4%	32.14%	−0.333	+0.053
ATP6ATP synthase F0 subunit 6	684 bp	32.0%	34.9%	9.6%	23.4%	33.04%	−0.416	−0.044
COX3Cytochrome c oxidase subunit III	786 bp	27.6%	33.3%	15.6%	23.4%	39.06%	−0.199	−0.094
ND3NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3	349 bp	28.9%	34.4%	12.0%	24.6%	36.68%	−0.344	−0.086
ND4LNADH dehydrogenase subunit 4L	297 bp	30.3%	34.3%	10.1%	25.3%	35.35%	−0.429	−0.063
ND4NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4	1,381 bp	33.5%	33.0%	10.6%	23.0%	33.53%	−0.369	+0.007
ND5NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5	1,824 bp	34.1%	33.9%	10.3%	21.7%	31.96%	−0.355	+0.002
ND6NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6	516 bp	47.1%	19.2%	8.3%	25.4%	33.72%	−0.506	+0.421
CYTBCytochrome b	1,143 bp	29.6%	33.9%	11.6%	24.9%	36.57%	−0.364	−0.068
12S rRNA12S ribosomal RNA	947 bp	35.6%	26.8%	16.8%	20.8%	37.59%	−0.107	+0.140
16S rRNA16S ribosomal RNA	1,538 bp	37.2%	27.7%	16.5%	18.6%	35.11%	−0.059	+0.146
D-loopControl region (D-loop)	2,164 bp	39.1%	31.5%	8.9%	20.4%	29.33%	−0.391	+0.107

Codon usage

Counts per codon, darker is more frequent

Gene

3,802 codons in all protein-coding genes. Grouped with the Vertebrate mitochondrial code (NCBI table 2).

Phe F6.5%

UUU152

UUC94

Leu L16.8%

UUA259

UUG20

CUU100

CUC89

CUA164

CUG5

Ile I9.7%

AUU256

AUC114

Met M5.6%

AUA188

AUG25

Val V4.0%

GUU56

GUC13

GUA75

GUG9

Ser S6.4%

UCU47

UCC42

UCA103

UCG2

AGU30

AGC20

Pro P5.2%

CCU40

CCC57

CCA101

CCG1

Thr T7.5%

ACU66

ACC78

ACA140

ACG3

Ala A7.1%

GCU62

GCC88

GCA116

GCG3

Tyr Y3.3%

UAU97

UAC29

His H2.5%

CAU44

CAC52

Gln Q2.6%

CAA93

CAG5

Asn N4.2%

AAU110

AAC50

Lys K2.3%

AAA87

AAG2

Asp D1.8%

GAU52

GAC17

Glu E2.7%

GAA87

GAG16

Cys C0.7%

UGU17

UGC9

Trp W3.1%

UGA114

UGG5

Arg R1.9%

CGU16

CGC17

CGA37

CGG2

Gly G5.7%

GGU82

GGC32

GGA72

GGG31

Stop 0.2%

UAA9

UAG0

AGA0

AGG0

Genome map

38 annotated features in NC_059941.1

Hover, tap or tab to a feature to see its position, length, strand and GC content. Genes and rRNAs open their own pages.

Protein-coding13
rRNA2
tRNA22
D-loop1

Outer ring: + strand, arrows run clockwise. Inner ring: − strand.
Middle ring: GC% of each gene against the whole genome (34.3%, dashed): out is GC-richer, in is AT-richer (full height = 6 points).

All 38 features as a table

Annotated features of Torpedo marmorata (NC_059941.1)
Feature	Type	Start	End	Length	Strand	GC
tRNA-Phe	Transfer RNA	1	69	69 bp	+	–
12S rRNA	Ribosomal RNA	72	1,018	947 bp	+	37.6%
tRNA-Val	Transfer RNA	1,027	1,098	72 bp	+	–
16S rRNA	Ribosomal RNA	1,171	2,708	1,538 bp	+	35.1%
tRNA-Leu (UUR)	Transfer RNA	2,766	2,840	75 bp	+	–
ND1	Protein-coding gene	2,842	3,813	972 bp	+	37.4%
tRNA-Ile	Transfer RNA	3,815	3,881	67 bp	+	–
tRNA-Gln	Transfer RNA	3,882	3,953	72 bp	−	–
tRNA-Met	Transfer RNA	3,954	4,022	69 bp	+	–
ND2	Protein-coding gene	4,023	5,069	1,047 bp	+	34.7%
tRNA-Trp	Transfer RNA	5,070	5,137	68 bp	+	–
tRNA-Ala	Transfer RNA	5,143	5,211	69 bp	−	–
tRNA-Asn	Transfer RNA	5,213	5,285	73 bp	−	–
tRNA-Cys	Transfer RNA	5,320	5,387	68 bp	−	–
tRNA-Tyr	Transfer RNA	5,391	5,459	69 bp	−	–
COX1	Protein-coding gene	5,461	7,013	1,553 bp	+	36.9%
tRNA-Ser (UCN)	Transfer RNA	7,018	7,089	72 bp	−	–
tRNA-Asp	Transfer RNA	7,090	7,157	68 bp	+	–
COX2	Protein-coding gene	7,162	7,852	691 bp	+	34.7%
tRNA-Lys	Transfer RNA	7,853	7,929	77 bp	+	–
ATP8	Protein-coding gene	7,931	8,098	168 bp	+	32.1%
ATP6	Protein-coding gene	8,089	8,772	684 bp	+	33.0%
COX3	Protein-coding gene	8,773	9,558	786 bp	+	39.1%
tRNA-Gly	Transfer RNA	9,559	9,628	70 bp	+	–
ND3	Protein-coding gene	9,629	9,977	349 bp	+	36.7%
tRNA-Arg	Transfer RNA	9,978	10,049	72 bp	+	–
ND4L	Protein-coding gene	10,051	10,347	297 bp	+	35.4%
ND4	Protein-coding gene	10,341	11,721	1,381 bp	+	33.5%
tRNA-His	Transfer RNA	11,722	11,789	68 bp	+	–
tRNA-Ser (AGY)	Transfer RNA	11,791	11,857	67 bp	+	–
tRNA-Leu (CUN)	Transfer RNA	11,858	11,929	72 bp	+	–
ND5	Protein-coding gene	11,930	13,753	1,824 bp	+	32.0%
ND6	Protein-coding gene	13,750	14,265	516 bp	−	33.7%
tRNA-Glu	Transfer RNA	14,265	14,335	71 bp	−	–
CYTB	Protein-coding gene	14,339	15,481	1,143 bp	+	36.6%
tRNA-Thr	Transfer RNA	15,483	15,553	71 bp	+	–
tRNA-Pro	Transfer RNA	15,577	15,645	69 bp	−	–
D-loop	Control region	15,647	17,810	2,164 bp	–	29.3%