MitoAge

Class

Chondrichthyes

Sharks and rays

87 species in 11 orders. Maximum lifespan ranges from 5 years (Giant guitarfish) to 392 years (Greenland shark).

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Species
87
with a complete mtDNA
Lifespan range
5–392 yr
Longest: Greenland shark
Median GC
39.0%
Range 33.7–43.2%
Orders
11
Largest: Carcharhiniformes (31)

The Sharks and rays tree

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Outer ring: Maximum lifespan, log scale

Each ring is one rank. Scroll or use + and − to zoom, drag to move; select a group to zoom into it, a species to open it.

Orders of Sharks and rays

11 orders, by species count

Where Sharks and rays sit among 2,335 species

Whole-genome GC content against maximum lifespan. Hover or tap a point; select it again to open the species.

10203040501 yr10 yr100 yrMaximum lifespan, log scaleGC %
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  • Sharks and rays (87)
  • Other species

Longest-lived

Top 5 and the shortest-lived
  1. Greenland sharkSomniosus microcephalus392 yr
  2. Spur dogfishSqualus acanthias75 yr
  3. Tope sharkGaleorhinus galeus55 yr
  4. Whale sharkRhincodon typus54 yr
  5. Tiger sharkGaleocerdo cuvier50 yr
  6. Giant guitarfishRhynchobatus djiddensis5 yr

What tracks lifespan in Sharks and rays

Top 10 of 1,368 mtDNA features by |ρ| · 2 with q < 0.05
FeaturenrρqPIC rPartial r
His (H) frequency in ND2 (% of sense codons)Amino acid82+0.35+0.380.531+0.09+0.20
Ser (S) frequency in COX2 (% of sense codons)Amino acid82+0.28+0.310.879+0.10+0.08
Ile (I) frequency in ND6 (% of sense codons)Amino acid82−0.27−0.310.879−0.63+0.30
AUU codon frequency in ND6 (% of codons)Codon82−0.28−0.310.879−0.66+0.27
CGC codon frequency in ND2 (% of codons)Codon82+0.27+0.300.879+0.70+0.12
Homopyrimidine tracts >= 15 bp in the whole mtDNA (count)82+0.25+0.300.879+0.59+0.28
GCA codon frequency in ND2 (% of codons)Codon82−0.24−0.300.974−0.03−0.11
Val (V) frequency in ND6 (% of sense codons)Amino acid82+0.19+0.290.978+0.59−0.03
UCC codon frequency in COX3 (% of codons)Codon82+0.21+0.290.974−0.38+0.25
Phe (F) frequency in CYTB (% of sense codons)Amino acid82−0.25−0.290.879+0.05−0.21

Lifespan is log10-transformed. r is the Pearson and ρ the Spearman rank correlation across species. q corrects the p-value for testing 1,368 features at once (Benjamini–Hochberg); green marks q < 0.05.

PIC r uses phylogenetically independent contrasts, so related species do not count as independent evidence. Partial r holds log10 body mass constant, because big animals live longer. Bold values have p < 0.05. Select a feature to plot it against lifespan.

Species in Sharks and rays

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20 species

Somniosus microcephalusGreenland sharkSqualiformes392 yr16,730 bp39.26%
Squalus acanthiasSpur dogfishSqualiformes75 yr16,738 bp38.78%
Galeorhinus galeusTope sharkCarcharhiniformes55 yr18,735 bp37.68%
Rhincodon typusWhale sharkOrectolobiformes54 yr16,875 bp37.14%
Galeocerdo cuvierTiger sharkCarcharhiniformes50 yr16,703 bp36.87%
Carcharodon carchariasGreat white sharkLamniformes50 yr16,744 bp40.76%
Dipturus batisBlue skate, or Common skateRajiformes50 yr16,911 bp41.06%
Notorynchus cepedianusBluntnose sevengill sharkHexanchiformes49 yr16,990 bp38.23%
Pristis pristisCommon sawfishRhinopristiformes44 yr16,912 bp39.69%
Alopias vulpinusThresherLamniformes38 yr16,700 bp37.87%
Carcharhinus obscurusDusky sharkCarcharhiniformes35 yr16,706 bp38.56%
Sphyrna lewiniScalloped hammerheadCarcharhiniformes35 yr16,726 bp39.52%
Carcharhinus brachyurusCopper sharkCarcharhiniformes34.5 yr16,704 bp38.30%
Pristis clavataDwarf sawfishRhinopristiformes34 yr16,804 bp39.84%
Carcharhinus leucasBull sharkCarcharhiniformes32 yr16,704 bp37.43%
Carcharhinus plumbeusSandbar sharkCarcharhiniformes32 yr16,706 bp38.86%
Cetorhinus maximusBasking sharkLamniformes32 yr16,670 bp40.61%
Bathyraja maculataWhite-blotched skateRajiformes32 yr16,826 bp33.65%
Mobula alfrediReef manta rayMyliobatiformes31 yr18,166 bp38.92%
Sphyrna mokarranGreat hammerheadCarcharhiniformes30 yr16,719 bp38.59%

Other classes in Chordata