MitoAge

Order

Rajiformes

24 species in 2 families. Maximum lifespan ranges from 6.3 years (Starry skate) to 50 years (Blue skate, or Common skate).

Show in the tree Compare mtDNA
Species
24
with a complete mtDNA
Lifespan range
6.3–50 yr
Longest: Blue skate, or Common skate
Median GC
41.1%
Range 33.7–42.4%
Families
2
Largest: Rajidae (19)

The Rajiformes tree

Select a clade to look inside
Outer ring: Maximum lifespan, log scale

Each ring is one rank. Scroll or use + and − to zoom, drag to move; select a group to zoom into it, a species to open it.

Families of Rajiformes

2 families, by species count

Where Rajiformes sit among 2,335 species

Whole-genome GC content against maximum lifespan. Hover or tap a point; select it again to open the species.

10203040501 yr10 yr100 yrMaximum lifespan, log scaleGC %
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  • Rajiformes (24)
  • Other species

Longest-lived

Top 5 and the shortest-lived
  1. Blue skate, or Common skateDipturus batis50 yr
  2. White-blotched skateBathyraja maculata32 yr
  3. Big skateBeringraja binoculata26 yr
  4. Longnose skateCaliraja rhina26 yr
  5. Roughskin skateDipturus trachyderma26 yr
  6. Starry skateRaja asterias6.3 yr

What tracks lifespan in Rajiformes

Top 10 of 191 mtDNA features by |ρ| · 0 with q < 0.05
FeaturenrρqPIC rPartial r
AAU codon frequency in all protein-coding genes (% of codons)Codon21+0.31+0.560.886−0.14–
GC skew of ND5Strand skew21+0.33+0.550.886+0.54–
AT skew of ND5Strand skew21−0.37−0.540.886−0.49–
Length of 16S rRNA (bp)Length21+0.02−0.540.983−0.04–
AUC codon frequency in all protein-coding genes (% of codons)Codon21−0.40−0.540.886−0.36–
AT skew of COX1Strand skew21−0.35−0.540.886−0.06–
UGA codon frequency in all protein-coding genes (% of codons)Codon21−0.44−0.530.886−0.66–
AT skew of ND2Strand skew21−0.35−0.530.886−0.74–
Ser (S) frequency in all protein-coding genes (% of sense codons)Amino acid21+0.49+0.530.877−0.55–
Thr (T) frequency in all protein-coding genes (% of sense codons)Amino acid21−0.46−0.530.877−0.67–

Lifespan is log10-transformed. r is the Pearson and ρ the Spearman rank correlation across species. q corrects the p-value for testing 191 features at once (Benjamini–Hochberg); green marks q < 0.05.

PIC r uses phylogenetically independent contrasts, so related species do not count as independent evidence. Partial r holds log10 body mass constant, because big animals live longer. Bold values have p < 0.05. Select a feature to plot it against lifespan.

Species in Rajiformes

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Dipturus batisBlue skate, or Common skateRajidae50 yr16,911 bp41.06%
Bathyraja maculataWhite-blotched skateArhynchobatidae32 yr16,826 bp33.65%
Beringraja binoculataBig skateRajidae26 yr16,910 bp41.72%
Caliraja rhinaLongnose skateRajidae26 yr16,910 bp41.44%
Dipturus trachydermaRoughskin skateRajidae26 yr16,907 bp41.63%
Dipturus innominatusNew Zealand smooth skateRajidae24 yr16,913 bp41.37%
Zearaja chilensisBeaked skateRajidae22.5 yr16,909 bp41.08%
Bathyraja interruptaBering skateArhynchobatidae21 yr16,770 bp33.69%
Bathyraja albomaculataWhite-dotted skateArhynchobatidae17 yr16,742 bp33.94%
Bathyraja parmiferaAlaska skateArhynchobatidae17 yr16,785 bp33.80%
Amblyraja radiataThorny skateRajidae16 yr16,783 bp40.28%
Caliraja stellulataStarry skateRajidae15 yr16,908 bp41.67%
Bathyraja taranetziMud skateArhynchobatidae14 yr16,751 bp33.65%
Leucoraja naevusSandy rayRajidae14 yr16,719 bp42.19%
Raja undulataUndulate rayRajidae13 yr17,127 bp39.60%
Raja clavataThornback rayRajidae12 yr16,920 bp41.24%
Raja polystigmaSpeckled rayRajidae11 yr16,918 bp40.91%
Dipturus oxyrinchusLongnosed skateRajidae9 yr16,912 bp41.41%
Okamejei kenojeiOcellate spot skateRajidae9 yr16,972 bp42.39%
Zearaja nasutaNew Zealand rough skateRajidae9 yr16,909 bp41.24%

Other orders in sharks and rays