MitoAge

Turdus migratorius

American robin

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Maximum lifespan
17 yr
AnAge record
mtDNA size
16,669 bp
RefSeq NC_024872.1
GC content
47.93%
Whole genome
Non-coding
1,191 bp
D-loop 1,110 bp

Where American robin sits among 2,335 species

Whole-genome GC content against maximum lifespan. American robin has the 1,094th longest lifespan of them.

10203040501 yr10 yr100 yrMaximum lifespan, log scaleGC %American robin
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Plot other mtDNA features with this species highlighted

Base composition

Whole genome16,669 bp
GC skew (G − C) / (G + C)
−0.367
AT skew (A − T) / (A + T)
+0.115

Life history

Maximum lifespan
17 years
Adult weight
75.5 g
Birth weight
5.5 g
Female sexual maturity
365 days
Male sexual maturity
365 days
Gestation or incubation
13 days
Litter or clutch size
3
Litters per year
2
Postnatal growth rate
0.498 per day

Lifespan from AnAge · AnAge record · other traits from AnAge Build 15 (HAGRID 01303)

About this record

Lifespan source
AnAge build 15
Based on
an observed animal, origin not stated
Data quality
acceptable, medium sample
Licence
Free to use, subject to the Human Ageing Genomic Resources conditions of use
Status
Updated in build 2
In the database since
build 1 (2015-07-01)
Last changed
build 2 (2026-11-13)

Every change against the 2015 build is in the changelog download.

Composition by region

Reference (L) strand as deposited in RefSeq
Whole genome16,669 bp
Protein-coding11,378 bp
12S rRNA973 bp
16S rRNA1,590 bp
All tRNA1,546 bp
D-loop1,110 bp

Genes and regions

Select a column to sort; select a gene to compare it across species
Composition
ND1NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1978 bp25.3%24.8%15.2%34.7%49.90%−0.389+0.008
ND2NADH dehydrogenase subunit 21,040 bp29.1%23.3%12.1%35.5%47.60%−0.491+0.112
COX1Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I1,551 bp25.7%23.9%18.0%32.4%50.36%−0.286+0.036
COX2Cytochrome c oxidase subunit II684 bp28.7%22.2%15.8%33.3%49.12%−0.357+0.126
ATP8ATP synthase F0 subunit 8168 bp29.2%25.0%6.5%39.3%45.83%−0.714+0.077
ATP6ATP synthase F0 subunit 6684 bp27.9%23.5%11.5%37.0%48.54%−0.524+0.085
COX3Cytochrome c oxidase subunit III784 bp24.5%25.0%16.3%34.2%50.51%−0.354−0.010
ND3NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3351 bp18.2%19.9%14.5%25.1%50.92%−0.266−0.045
ND4LNADH dehydrogenase subunit 4L297 bp26.3%22.9%12.5%38.4%50.84%−0.510+0.068
ND4NADH dehydrogenase subunit 41,378 bp28.7%21.9%11.5%37.9%49.35%−0.535+0.135
ND5NADH dehydrogenase subunit 51,818 bp29.4%23.0%12.1%35.4%47.53%−0.491+0.122
ND6NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6519 bp38.9%8.1%11.8%41.2%52.99%−0.556+0.656
CYTBCytochrome b1,143 bp28.3%23.7%13.8%34.2%48.03%−0.424+0.088
12S rRNA12S ribosomal RNA973 bp30.4%20.6%21.8%27.2%49.02%−0.111+0.194
16S rRNA16S ribosomal RNA1,590 bp34.6%21.1%19.9%24.5%44.34%−0.104+0.243
D-loopControl region (D-loop)1,110 bp25.5%28.5%13.2%32.6%45.94%−0.422−0.055

Codon usage

Counts per codon, darker is more frequent

3,770 codons in all protein-coding genes. Grouped with the Vertebrate mitochondrial code (NCBI table 2).

Phe F5.6%
UUU46
UUC166
Leu L17.7%
UUA45
UUG27
CUU48
CUC185
CUA298
CUG66
Ile I7.6%
AUU69
AUC217
Met M3.9%
AUA106
AUG42
Val V5.1%
GUU32
GUC66
GUA63
GUG32
Ser S7.9%
UCU27
UCC112
UCA87
UCG10
AGU10
AGC51
Pro P5.9%
CCU28
CCC95
CCA92
CCG8
Thr T7.9%
ACU34
ACC150
ACA104
ACG9
Ala A8.6%
GCU45
GCC175
GCA91
GCG13
Tyr Y3.0%
UAU30
UAC84
His H2.7%
CAU14
CAC89
Gln Q2.5%
CAA81
CAG12
Asn N3.4%
AAU22
AAC106
Lys K2.3%
AAA78
AAG9
Asp D1.8%
GAU6
GAC61
Glu E2.3%
GAA64
GAG23
Cys C0.9%
UGU9
UGC26
Trp W2.8%
UGA90
UGG15
Arg R1.9%
CGU8
CGC17
CGA41
CGG5
Gly G5.9%
GGU19
GGC76
GGA70
GGG56
Stop 0.3%
UAA6
UAG1
AGA2
AGG1

Genome map

38 annotated features in NC_024872.1

Hover, tap or tab to a feature to see its position, length, strand and GC content. Genes and rRNAs open their own pages.

  • Protein-coding13
  • rRNA2
  • tRNA22
  • D-loop1
  • Outer ring: + strand, arrows run clockwise. Inner ring: − strand.
  • Middle ring: GC% of each gene against the whole genome (47.9%, dashed): out is GC-richer, in is AT-richer (full height = 6 points).
All 38 features as a table
FeatureTypeStartEndLengthStrandGC
tRNA-PheTransfer RNA16868 bp+–
12S rRNARibosomal RNA691,041973 bp+49.0%
tRNA-ValTransfer RNA1,0441,11370 bp+–
16S rRNARibosomal RNA1,1142,7031,590 bp+44.3%
tRNA-Leu (UUR)Transfer RNA2,7122,78675 bp+–
ND1Protein-coding gene2,7913,768978 bp+49.9%
tRNA-IleTransfer RNA3,7753,84672 bp+–
tRNA-GlnTransfer RNA3,8533,92371 bp−–
tRNA-MetTransfer RNA3,9233,99169 bp+–
ND2Protein-coding gene3,9925,0311,040 bp+47.6%
tRNA-TrpTransfer RNA5,0325,10170 bp+–
tRNA-AlaTransfer RNA5,1035,17068 bp−–
tRNA-AsnTransfer RNA5,1765,25075 bp−–
tRNA-CysTransfer RNA5,2515,31767 bp−–
tRNA-TyrTransfer RNA5,3175,38771 bp−–
COX1Protein-coding gene5,3896,9391,551 bp+50.4%
tRNA-Ser (UCN)Transfer RNA6,9317,00373 bp−–
tRNA-AspTransfer RNA7,0097,08476 bp+–
COX2Protein-coding gene7,0877,770684 bp+49.1%
tRNA-LysTransfer RNA7,7727,83968 bp+–
ATP8Protein-coding gene7,8418,008168 bp+45.8%
ATP6Protein-coding gene7,9998,682684 bp+48.5%
COX3Protein-coding gene8,6889,471784 bp+50.5%
tRNA-GlyTransfer RNA9,4729,54069 bp+–
ND3Protein-coding gene9,5419,891351 bp+50.9%
tRNA-ArgTransfer RNA9,8939,96270 bp+–
ND4LProtein-coding gene9,96410,260297 bp+50.8%
ND4Protein-coding gene10,25411,6311,378 bp+49.4%
tRNA-HisTransfer RNA11,63211,70170 bp+–
tRNA-Ser (AGY)Transfer RNA11,70311,76664 bp+–
tRNA-Leu (CUN)Transfer RNA11,76711,83771 bp+–
ND5Protein-coding gene11,83813,6551,818 bp+47.5%
CYTBProtein-coding gene13,66414,8061,143 bp+48.0%
tRNA-ThrTransfer RNA14,80814,87669 bp+–
tRNA-ProTransfer RNA14,88514,95470 bp−–
ND6Protein-coding gene14,96815,486519 bp−53.0%
tRNA-GluTransfer RNA15,48815,55972 bp−–
D-loopControl region15,56016,6691,110 bp–45.9%

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