family · mtDNA statistics

Spheniscidae

7 species in 4 genera. Every region of their mitochondrial genomes, side by side.

Group

species

46.5%

mean GC, whole genome

SD 0.6, range 45.4–47.4%

17,346

median genome length, bp

Range 16,367–17,611 bp

genera

Regions

GC content of each region across Spheniscidae, % of A + C + G + T

Parameter

Chart

GC % of every region
Region
Whole genome	7	46.45%	0.64	0.014	45.37%Eudyptula minor	46.58%	47.39%Pygoscelis papua	0.00	0.99
Protein-coding	7	47.59%	0.51	0.011	46.88%Eudyptula minor	47.62%	48.33%Pygoscelis papua	0.04	0.94
All rRNA	7	47.04%	0.29	0.006	46.79%Spheniscus demersus	46.92%	47.47%Pygoscelis papua	0.45	0.32
All tRNA	7	44.32%	0.41	0.009	43.75%Eudyptula minor	44.34%	45.03%Aptenodytes patagonicus	−0.31	0.5
12S rRNA	7	48.57%	0.67	0.014	47.44%Pygoscelis adeliae	48.52%	49.39%Aptenodytes patagonicus	0.73	0.06
16S rRNA	7	46.11%	0.27	0.006	45.70%Spheniscus demersus	46.01%	46.52%Pygoscelis adeliae	−0.31	0.5
D-loop	7	39.59%	2.49	0.063	36.27%Eudyptula minor	39.71%	42.79%Pygoscelis papua	−0.00	1
ND1	7	47.71%	0.65	0.014	46.42%Pygoscelis adeliae	47.75%	48.26%Aptenodytes patagonicus	0.32	0.49
ND2	7	44.24%	0.98	0.022	42.36%Eudyptula minor	44.38%	45.52%Pygoscelis papua	−0.28	0.54
COX1	7	48.36%	0.60	0.012	47.26%Eudyptula minor	48.48%	49.19%Pygoscelis adeliae	−0.61	0.15
COX2	7	47.70%	1.07	0.022	46.05%Pygoscelis adeliae	47.81%	49.27%Pygoscelis papua	0.47	0.28
ATP8	7	44.50%	1.38	0.031	42.86%Aptenodytes patagonicus	44.24%	46.43%Pygoscelis papua	0.18	0.7
ATP6	7	46.09%	0.90	0.020	44.74%Spheniscus mendiculus	46.05%	47.08%Pygoscelis papua	0.62	0.14
COX3	7	48.96%	0.94	0.019	47.19%Eudyptula minor	49.11%	50.26%Aptenodytes patagonicus	−0.18	0.7
ND3	7	48.84%	0.79	0.016	47.58%Eudyptula minor	48.72%	50.14%Pygoscelis adeliae	−0.76	0.05
ND4L	7	49.54%	0.60	0.012	48.48%Aptenodytes patagonicus	49.49%	50.17%Pygoscelis adeliae	−0.04	0.94
ND4	7	46.91%	0.37	0.008	46.48%Spheniscus magellanicus	46.85%	47.50%Pygoscelis papua	0.62	0.14
ND5	7	47.56%	0.92	0.019	46.35%Eudyptula minor	47.41%	48.73%Pygoscelis papua	0.03	0.95
ND6	7	48.95%	1.88	0.038	47.01%Spheniscus magellanicus	48.17%	51.83%Pygoscelis papua	0.13	0.79
CYTB	7	48.86%	0.51	0.010	48.12%Spheniscus magellanicus	48.91%	49.61%Aptenodytes patagonicus	−0.06	0.9

Genera of Spheniscidae

GC content of the whole genome, % of A + C + G + T

Region

Parameter

Chart

Genera of Spheniscidae

Spheniscus	3	46.47%	0.29	0.006	46.14%Spheniscus demersus	46.58%	46.68%Spheniscus mendiculus	–	–
Pygoscelis	2	46.79%	0.85	0.018	46.18%Pygoscelis adeliae	46.79%	47.39%Pygoscelis papua	–	–
Eudyptula	1	45.37%	–	–	45.37%Eudyptula minor	45.37%	45.37%Eudyptula minor	–	–
Aptenodytes	1	46.84%	–	–	46.84%Aptenodytes patagonicus	46.84%	46.84%Aptenodytes patagonicus	–	–

Codon usage

Share of each codon in all 13 protein-coding genes, across Spheniscidae

Gene

Loading codon usage…

Every species, region by region

Each region's page lists the value of every species, with the same statistics by class, order or family and a CSV download.

Whole genome Protein-coding All rRNA All tRNA 12S rRNA 16S rRNA D-loop ND1 ND2 COX1 COX2 ATP8 ATP6 COX3 ND3 ND4L ND4 ND5 ND6 CYTB

Spheniscidae taxon page All data downloads

The charts

Each chart draws the rows of the table under it, in the table's order: sort a column to reorder the chart.Chart sets its axis.
Distribution: the range (line), mean ± SD (bar), median (tick) and mean (dot). Lengths of the regions are on a log scale.
Variation: the coefficient of variation, or the SD for the skews, which vary around zero.
Lifespan r: r with its 95% confidence interval (Fisher z). Lifespan map: r of every parameter in every region at once, bold where the Benjamini–Hochberg q-value over the map is below 0.05.

What the numbers are

Species: species with the region annotated. SD is the sample standard deviation, CV = SD / mean.
Base percentages are over A + C + G + T, so GC % + AT % = 100. Skews are on the L strand as deposited in RefSeq: GC skew = (G − C) / (G + C), AT skew = (A − T) / (A + T).
Min and Max name the species with the extreme value.

Lifespan columns

r is the Pearson correlation of the parameter with log₁₀ maximum lifespan within the group (5 or more species), and p its two-tailed p-value, as on the original MitoAge. They are not corrected for multiple testing or for shared ancestry: the plot shows Benjamini–Hochberg q-values and phylogenetic contrasts.

The original site labelled the base columns with their complements, so its skews have the opposite sign. Seemethods.