class · mtDNA statistics

Aves

Birds: 423 species in 29 orders. Every region of their mitochondrial genomes, side by side.

Group

423

species

45.6%

mean GC, whole genome

SD 1.5, range 41.3–49.7%

16,845

median genome length, bp

Range 15,311–20,350 bp

orders

Regions

GC content of each region across Aves, % of A + C + G + T

Parameter

Chart

GC % of every region
Region
Whole genome	423	45.64%	1.49	0.033	41.30%Gallinago gallinago	45.60%	49.66%Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus	0.05	0.32
Protein-coding	423	46.46%	1.70	0.037	41.21%Gallinago gallinago	46.49%	51.24%Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus	0.03	0.53
All rRNA	423	46.36%	1.54	0.033	42.81%Tringa glareola	46.19%	52.11%Agapornis pullarius	0.27	2.5 × 10⁻⁸
All tRNA	423	42.35%	1.08	0.025	39.87%Grallina cyanoleuca	42.26%	45.99%Phaethon lepturus	0.13	0.007
12S rRNA	423	48.49%	1.53	0.032	40.58%Hemignathus munroi	48.46%	56.00%Dryobates minor	0.14	0.004
16S rRNA	423	45.06%	1.77	0.039	41.17%Gallinago delicata	44.82%	51.58%Agapornis pullarius	0.30	5.1 × 10⁻¹⁰
D-loop	368	43.16%	7.97	0.185	21.77%Eremophila alpestris	42.34%	100.00%Ara militaris	0.10	0.05
ND1	422	46.63%	2.13	0.046	40.39%Gallinago gallinago	46.61%	52.97%Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus	0.07	0.17
ND2	423	44.69%	2.39	0.053	35.60%Gallinago gallinago	44.52%	52.31%Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus	−0.03	0.5
COX1	423	47.31%	1.60	0.034	42.75%Gallinago delicata	47.35%	51.52%Poecile atricapillus	0.05	0.26
COX2	423	46.35%	1.84	0.040	41.81%Gallinago gallinago	46.20%	52.05%Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus	−0.08	0.12
ATP8	423	42.93%	2.63	0.061	36.31%Zosterops japonicus	42.86%	50.60%Aix galericulata	0.15	0.002
ATP6	423	46.04%	1.97	0.043	40.50%Daphoenositta chrysoptera	45.91%	52.49%Mergus merganser	0.05	0.27
COX3	423	47.85%	1.88	0.039	43.24%Alcedo atthis	47.83%	53.19%Thryothorus ludovicianus	−0.08	0.11
ND3	423	45.86%	2.46	0.054	39.89%Sterna paradisaea	45.58%	52.71%Mareca americana	−0.00	0.98
ND4L	423	47.61%	2.54	0.053	39.73%Tringa brevipes	47.81%	54.21%Anas acuta	−0.05	0.35
ND4	423	46.04%	1.98	0.043	40.13%Gallinago gallinago	46.20%	51.16%Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus	0.03	0.53
ND5	423	45.62%	1.82	0.040	40.11%Gallinago gallinago	45.56%	50.63%Dryocopus pileatus	0.02	0.66
ND6	422	48.31%	2.37	0.049	41.57%Gallinago delicata	48.28%	54.21%Phaethon lepturus	0.09	0.05
CYTB	422	47.23%	1.73	0.037	43.04%Onychoprion fuscatus	47.07%	53.28%Phaethon lepturus	0.11	0.03

Orders of Aves

GC content of the whole genome, % of A + C + G + T

Region

Parameter

Chart

Orders of Aves

Passeriformes	146	45.83%	1.25	0.027	42.65%Daphoenositta chrysoptera	45.88%	49.66%Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus	−0.17	0.05
Charadriiformes	51	43.95%	0.94	0.021	41.30%Gallinago gallinago	44.10%	45.73%Pluvialis squatarola	0.30	0.03
Psittaciformes	46	46.21%	1.12	0.024	43.24%Strigops habroptila	46.23%	48.85%Agapornis pullarius	−0.21	0.17
Anseriformes	29	48.20%	0.88	0.018	45.59%Anseranas semipalmata	48.39%	49.40%Mergus merganser	−0.33	0.08
Accipitriformes	19	45.27%	0.89	0.020	43.04%Accipiter nisus	45.64%	46.67%Aquila chrysaetos	0.58	0.009
Galliformes	18	44.98%	1.12	0.025	43.51%Meleagris gallopavo	44.67%	47.32%Alectura lathami	0.19	0.46
Gruiformes	16	44.55%	0.32	0.007	43.69%Coturnicops noveboracensis	44.53%	45.19%Porphyrio porphyrio	0.19	0.47
Pelecaniformes	14	44.77%	1.08	0.024	42.61%Botaurus stellaris	44.84%	46.85%Balaeniceps rex	0.62	0.02
Procellariiformes	11	44.38%	0.95	0.021	43.37%Pagodroma nivea	44.17%	46.42%Oceanites oceanicus	−0.60	0.05
Falconiformes	9	45.41%	0.95	0.021	44.32%Falco cherrug	45.51%	47.35%Caracara plancus	0.40	0.29
Strigiformes	9	46.92%	0.90	0.019	45.12%Asio flammeus	47.05%	48.16%Bubo scandiacus	0.36	0.35
Piciformes	7	47.26%	1.75	0.037	43.70%Jynx torquilla	47.46%	49.50%Dryocopus pileatus	0.56	0.19
Sphenisciformes	7	46.45%	0.64	0.014	45.37%Eudyptula minor	46.58%	47.39%Pygoscelis papua	0.00	0.99
Columbiformes	6	45.86%	0.53	0.012	44.94%Caloenas nicobarica	45.89%	46.59%Zenaida macroura	0.19	0.72
Suliformes	6	45.47%	0.71	0.016	44.73%Fregata magnificens	45.37%	46.55%Anhinga melanogaster	−0.63	0.18

Codon usage

Share of each codon in all 13 protein-coding genes, across Aves

Gene

Loading codon usage…

Every species, region by region

Each region's page lists the value of every species, with the same statistics by class, order or family and a CSV download.

Whole genome Protein-coding All rRNA All tRNA 12S rRNA 16S rRNA D-loop ND1 ND2 COX1 COX2 ATP8 ATP6 COX3 ND3 ND4L ND4 ND5 ND6 CYTB

Aves taxon page Plot GC content against GC skew All data downloads

The charts

Each chart draws the rows of the table under it, in the table's order: sort a column to reorder the chart.Chart sets its axis.
Distribution: the range (line), mean ± SD (bar), median (tick) and mean (dot). Lengths of the regions are on a log scale.
Variation: the coefficient of variation, or the SD for the skews, which vary around zero.
Lifespan r: r with its 95% confidence interval (Fisher z). Lifespan map: r of every parameter in every region at once, bold where the Benjamini–Hochberg q-value over the map is below 0.05.

What the numbers are

Species: species with the region annotated. SD is the sample standard deviation, CV = SD / mean.
Base percentages are over A + C + G + T, so GC % + AT % = 100. Skews are on the L strand as deposited in RefSeq: GC skew = (G − C) / (G + C), AT skew = (A − T) / (A + T).
Min and Max name the species with the extreme value.

Lifespan columns

r is the Pearson correlation of the parameter with log₁₀ maximum lifespan within the group (5 or more species), and p its two-tailed p-value, as on the original MitoAge. They are not corrected for multiple testing or for shared ancestry: the plot shows Benjamini–Hochberg q-values and phylogenetic contrasts.

The original site labelled the base columns with their complements, so its skews have the opposite sign. Seemethods.