order · mtDNA statistics

Passeriformes

146 species in 43 families. Every region of their mitochondrial genomes, side by side.

Group

146

species

45.8%

mean GC, whole genome

SD 1.3, range 42.7–49.7%

16,830

median genome length, bp

Range 15,311–18,540 bp

families

Regions

GC content of each region across Passeriformes, % of A + C + G + T

Parameter

Chart

GC % of every region
Region
Whole genome	146	45.83%	1.25	0.027	42.65%Daphoenositta chrysoptera	45.88%	49.66%Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus	−0.17	0.05
Protein-coding	146	46.69%	1.48	0.032	43.02%Daphoenositta chrysoptera	46.68%	51.24%Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus	−0.14	0.08
All rRNA	146	45.85%	0.72	0.016	44.16%Hemignathus munroi	45.76%	47.71%Eremophila alpestris	−0.11	0.18
All tRNA	146	41.82%	0.92	0.022	39.87%Grallina cyanoleuca	41.77%	44.63%Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus	−0.16	0.05
12S rRNA	146	48.47%	1.07	0.022	40.58%Hemignathus munroi	48.46%	50.97%Phylloscopus borealis	−0.08	0.31
16S rRNA	146	44.24%	0.80	0.018	42.55%Lanius ludovicianus	44.20%	46.68%Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus	−0.10	0.24
D-loop	113	43.16%	2.85	0.066	21.77%Eremophila alpestris	43.28%	48.20%Acrocephalus scirpaceus	−0.11	0.23
ND1	146	46.71%	2.15	0.046	42.02%Falcunculus frontatus	46.42%	52.97%Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus	−0.10	0.25
ND2	146	45.40%	1.99	0.044	39.67%Daphoenositta chrysoptera	45.10%	52.31%Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus	−0.07	0.41
COX1	146	47.37%	1.41	0.030	43.84%Lanius ludovicianus	47.34%	51.52%Poecile atricapillus	−0.09	0.29
COX2	146	47.01%	1.66	0.035	43.13%Pica pica	46.78%	52.05%Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus	−0.13	0.13
ATP8	146	42.93%	2.45	0.057	36.31%Zosterops japonicus	42.86%	48.81%Spizella passerina	−0.02	0.81
ATP6	146	45.74%	2.04	0.045	40.50%Daphoenositta chrysoptera	45.61%	51.32%Periparus ater	−0.07	0.38
COX3	146	48.72%	1.46	0.030	45.92%Zosterops lateralis	48.66%	53.19%Thryothorus ludovicianus	−0.15	0.06
ND3	146	45.99%	2.21	0.048	40.46%Daphoenositta chrysoptera	45.87%	51.57%Phylloscopus borealis	−0.03	0.69
ND4L	146	48.80%	1.63	0.033	42.76%Daphoenositta chrysoptera	48.65%	53.20%Sitta europaea	0.22	0.009
ND4	146	46.32%	1.87	0.040	42.09%Pica hudsonia	46.42%	51.16%Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus	−0.17	0.04
ND5	146	45.71%	1.51	0.033	42.46%Garrulus glandarius	45.82%	50.00%Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus	−0.21	0.01
ND6	146	48.67%	1.94	0.040	44.25%Pica hudsonia	48.55%	53.18%Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus	−0.21	0.009
CYTB	146	46.99%	1.43	0.031	43.39%Pyrrhocorax graculus	47.20%	51.27%Emberiza schoeniclus	−0.18	0.03

Families of Passeriformes

GC content of the whole genome, % of A + C + G + T

Region

Parameter

Chart

Families of Passeriformes

Fringillidae	30	45.59%	0.61	0.013	44.68%Pinicola enucleator	45.58%	47.65%Emberiza schoeniclus	0.08	0.69
Corvidae	19	44.18%	0.74	0.017	43.32%Pyrrhocorax graculus	44.19%	46.13%Oriolus chinensis	−0.01	0.97
Hirundinidae	7	46.03%	0.61	0.013	45.15%Hirundo rustica	46.26%	46.53%Delichon urbicum	−0.37	0.41
Petroicidae	7	46.09%	0.47	0.010	45.45%Drymodes brunneopygia	46.35%	46.64%Tregellasia leucops	−0.03	0.94
Icteridae	6	46.12%	0.18	0.004	45.91%Agelaius phoeniceus	46.14%	46.30%Molothrus aeneus	−0.06	0.92
Cardinalidae	5	46.23%	0.71	0.015	45.07%Cardinalis cardinalis	46.28%	47.00%Piranga rubra	−0.48	0.41
Paridae	4	48.26%	0.38	0.008	47.72%Parus major	48.36%	48.59%Poecile atricapillus	–	–
Sylviidae	4	45.65%	1.16	0.025	44.46%Sylvia atricapilla	45.47%	47.20%Curruca curruca	–	–
Turdidae	4	47.36%	0.48	0.010	46.75%Turdus philomelos	47.37%	47.93%Turdus migratorius	–	–
Estrildidae	3	45.38%	0.48	0.011	45.10%Lonchura punctulata	45.10%	45.94%Taeniopygia guttata	–	–
Passeridae	3	46.91%	0.54	0.012	46.35%Chloebia gouldiae	46.95%	47.44%Passer montanus	–	–
Regulidae	3	44.42%	0.07	0.002	44.35%Regulus satrapa	44.44%	44.48%Regulus regulus	–	–
Sturnidae	3	47.53%	0.19	0.004	47.31%Leucopsar rothschildi	47.62%	47.66%Acridotheres cristatellus	–	–
Phylloscopidae	3	46.58%	1.50	0.032	45.71%Phylloscopus collybita	45.72%	48.31%Phylloscopus borealis	–	–
Motacillidae	3	46.41%	0.08	0.002	46.33%Motacilla alba	46.42%	46.49%Motacilla cinerea	–	–

Codon usage

Share of each codon in all 13 protein-coding genes, across Passeriformes

Gene

Loading codon usage…

Every species, region by region

Each region's page lists the value of every species, with the same statistics by class, order or family and a CSV download.

Whole genome Protein-coding All rRNA All tRNA 12S rRNA 16S rRNA D-loop ND1 ND2 COX1 COX2 ATP8 ATP6 COX3 ND3 ND4L ND4 ND5 ND6 CYTB

Passeriformes taxon page Plot GC content against GC skew All data downloads

The charts

Each chart draws the rows of the table under it, in the table's order: sort a column to reorder the chart.Chart sets its axis.
Distribution: the range (line), mean ± SD (bar), median (tick) and mean (dot). Lengths of the regions are on a log scale.
Variation: the coefficient of variation, or the SD for the skews, which vary around zero.
Lifespan r: r with its 95% confidence interval (Fisher z). Lifespan map: r of every parameter in every region at once, bold where the Benjamini–Hochberg q-value over the map is below 0.05.

What the numbers are

Species: species with the region annotated. SD is the sample standard deviation, CV = SD / mean.
Base percentages are over A + C + G + T, so GC % + AT % = 100. Skews are on the L strand as deposited in RefSeq: GC skew = (G − C) / (G + C), AT skew = (A − T) / (A + T).
Min and Max name the species with the extreme value.

Lifespan columns

r is the Pearson correlation of the parameter with log₁₀ maximum lifespan within the group (5 or more species), and p its two-tailed p-value, as on the original MitoAge. They are not corrected for multiple testing or for shared ancestry: the plot shows Benjamini–Hochberg q-values and phylogenetic contrasts.

The original site labelled the base columns with their complements, so its skews have the opposite sign. Seemethods.