Raja brachyura

Blonde ray

Maximum lifespan

8 yr

AnAge record

mtDNA size

16,925 bp

RefSeq NC_049865.1

GC content

41.14%

Whole genome

Non-coding

1,321 bp

D-loop 1,260 bp

Where Blonde ray sits among 2,335 species

Whole-genome GC content against maximum lifespan. Blonde ray has the 1,758th longest lifespan of them.

This species
Other sharks and rays
Other classes

Plot other mtDNA features with this species highlighted

Base composition

Whole genome16,925 bp

GC skew (G − C) / (G + C): −0.315
AT skew (A − T) / (A + T): +0.032

Life history

Maximum lifespan: 8 years
Adult weight: 7.9 kg
Female sexual maturity: 5.5 years
Litter or clutch size: 90

Lifespan from AnAge · AnAge record · other traits from AnAge build 15 (HAGRID 01835)

About this record

Lifespan source: AnAge build 15
Based on: an animal in the wild
Data quality: acceptable, medium sample
Licence: Free to use, subject to the Human Ageing Genomic Resources conditions of use
Status: New in build 2
In the database since: build 2 (2026-11-13)

Every change against the 2015 build is in the changelog download.

Composition by region

Reference (L) strand as deposited in RefSeq

Whole genome16,925 bp

Protein-coding11,411 bp

12S rRNA967 bp

16S rRNA1,681 bp

All tRNA1,545 bp

D-loop1,260 bp

Genes and regions

Select a column to sort; select a gene to compare it across species

Base composition of Raja brachyura genes

ND1NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1	975 bp	28.7%	27.7%	12.2%	31.4%	43.59%	−0.440	+0.018
ND2NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2	1,046 bp	30.4%	27.0%	9.8%	32.9%	42.64%	−0.543	+0.060
COX1Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I	1,557 bp	25.8%	31.0%	16.8%	26.5%	43.29%	−0.223	−0.092
COX2Cytochrome c oxidase subunit II	691 bp	31.8%	28.9%	16.1%	23.2%	39.22%	−0.181	+0.048
ATP8ATP synthase F0 subunit 8	168 bp	31.0%	31.0%	10.1%	28.0%	38.10%	−0.469	0.000
ATP6ATP synthase F0 subunit 6	684 bp	27.5%	31.3%	11.5%	29.7%	41.23%	−0.440	−0.065
COX3Cytochrome c oxidase subunit III	786 bp	26.1%	27.6%	16.8%	29.5%	46.31%	−0.275	−0.028
ND3NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3	349 bp	22.6%	31.5%	14.3%	31.5%	45.85%	−0.375	−0.164
ND4LNADH dehydrogenase subunit 4L	297 bp	24.9%	31.3%	12.5%	31.3%	43.77%	−0.431	−0.114
ND4NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4	1,381 bp	28.3%	29.6%	12.5%	29.5%	42.07%	−0.404	−0.023
ND5NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5	1,836 bp	30.2%	28.3%	11.5%	30.0%	41.50%	−0.446	+0.034
ND6NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6	519 bp	44.1%	17.1%	9.8%	28.9%	38.73%	−0.493	+0.440
CYTBCytochrome b	1,143 bp	27.2%	29.8%	12.3%	30.6%	42.96%	−0.426	−0.046
12S rRNA12S ribosomal RNA	967 bp	32.5%	25.9%	18.8%	22.9%	41.68%	−0.097	+0.113
16S rRNA16S ribosomal RNA	1,681 bp	35.5%	26.0%	17.1%	21.4%	38.49%	−0.113	+0.155
D-loopControl region (D-loop)	1,260 bp	32.3%	32.9%	12.7%	22.1%	34.84%	−0.271	−0.009

Codon usage

Counts per codon, darker is more frequent

Gene

3,809 codons in all protein-coding genes. Grouped with the Vertebrate mitochondrial code (NCBI table 2).

Phe F6.2%

UUU123

UUC115

Leu L17.8%

UUA134

UUG22

CUU144

CUC162

CUA177

CUG40

Ile I8.8%

AUU198

AUC139

Met M4.3%

AUA118

AUG44

Val V4.9%

GUU47

GUC58

GUA64

GUG18

Ser S6.7%

UCU44

UCC70

UCA83

UCG6

AGU16

AGC35

Pro P5.6%

CCU42

CCC75

CCA85

CCG10

Thr T7.7%

ACU54

ACC97

ACA136

ACG6

Ala A7.2%

GCU43

GCC142

GCA82

GCG7

Tyr Y3.2%

UAU60

UAC62

His H2.7%

CAU38

CAC63

Gln Q2.6%

CAA91

CAG9

Asn N3.9%

AAU56

AAC91

Lys K2.3%

AAA82

AAG5

Asp D1.8%

GAU23

GAC44

Glu E2.6%

GAA79

GAG19

Cys C0.6%

UGU11

UGC13

Trp W3.1%

UGA109

UGG10

Arg R1.8%

CGU9

CGC24

CGA31

CGG5

Gly G6.0%

GGU32

GGC90

GGA74

GGG34

Stop 0.2%

UAA9

UAG0

AGA0

AGG0

Genome map

38 annotated features in NC_049865.1

Hover, tap or tab to a feature to see its position, length, strand and GC content. Genes and rRNAs open their own pages.

Protein-coding13
rRNA2
tRNA22
D-loop1

Outer ring: + strand, arrows run clockwise. Inner ring: − strand.
Middle ring: GC% of each gene against the whole genome (41.1%, dashed): out is GC-richer, in is AT-richer (full height = 6 points).

All 38 features as a table

Annotated features of Raja brachyura (NC_049865.1)
Feature	Type	Start	End	Length	Strand	GC
tRNA-Phe	Transfer RNA	1	69	69 bp	+	–
12S rRNA	Ribosomal RNA	70	1,036	967 bp	+	41.7%
tRNA-Val	Transfer RNA	1,037	1,108	72 bp	+	–
16S rRNA	Ribosomal RNA	1,109	2,789	1,681 bp	+	38.5%
tRNA-Leu (UUR)	Transfer RNA	2,790	2,864	75 bp	+	–
ND1	Protein-coding gene	2,865	3,839	975 bp	+	43.6%
tRNA-Ile	Transfer RNA	3,840	3,909	70 bp	+	–
tRNA-Gln	Transfer RNA	3,909	3,980	72 bp	−	–
tRNA-Met	Transfer RNA	3,982	4,050	69 bp	+	–
ND2	Protein-coding gene	4,051	5,096	1,046 bp	+	42.6%
tRNA-Trp	Transfer RNA	5,097	5,165	69 bp	+	–
tRNA-Ala	Transfer RNA	5,167	5,235	69 bp	−	–
tRNA-Asn	Transfer RNA	5,236	5,308	73 bp	−	–
tRNA-Cys	Transfer RNA	5,341	5,407	67 bp	−	–
tRNA-Tyr	Transfer RNA	5,408	5,477	70 bp	−	–
COX1	Protein-coding gene	5,479	7,035	1,557 bp	+	43.3%
tRNA-Ser (UCN)	Transfer RNA	7,037	7,107	71 bp	−	–
tRNA-Asp	Transfer RNA	7,108	7,176	69 bp	+	–
COX2	Protein-coding gene	7,182	7,872	691 bp	+	39.2%
tRNA-Lys	Transfer RNA	7,873	7,945	73 bp	+	–
ATP8	Protein-coding gene	7,947	8,114	168 bp	+	38.1%
ATP6	Protein-coding gene	8,105	8,788	684 bp	+	41.2%
COX3	Protein-coding gene	8,791	9,576	786 bp	+	46.3%
tRNA-Gly	Transfer RNA	9,578	9,647	70 bp	+	–
ND3	Protein-coding gene	9,648	9,996	349 bp	+	45.9%
tRNA-Arg	Transfer RNA	9,997	10,065	69 bp	+	–
ND4L	Protein-coding gene	10,066	10,362	297 bp	+	43.8%
ND4	Protein-coding gene	10,356	11,736	1,381 bp	+	42.1%
tRNA-His	Transfer RNA	11,737	11,805	69 bp	+	–
tRNA-Ser (AGY)	Transfer RNA	11,806	11,873	68 bp	+	–
tRNA-Leu (CUN)	Transfer RNA	11,875	11,946	72 bp	+	–
ND5	Protein-coding gene	11,947	13,782	1,836 bp	+	41.5%
ND6	Protein-coding gene	13,779	14,297	519 bp	−	38.7%
tRNA-Glu	Transfer RNA	14,299	14,367	69 bp	−	–
CYTB	Protein-coding gene	14,371	15,513	1,143 bp	+	43.0%
tRNA-Thr	Transfer RNA	15,517	15,588	72 bp	+	–
tRNA-Pro	Transfer RNA	15,597	15,665	69 bp	−	–
D-loop	Control region	15,666	16,925	1,260 bp	–	34.8%